Short-beaked Common Dolphin - Delphinus delphisPhoto by Giovanni Bearzi
Peru has about 35 species of marine mammals, in which we include whales, dolphins, poroises, sea lions, seals and sea otters. There are 21 species of small cetaceans. Most of these live in open waters but only two species, the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the Burmeister's Porpoise (Phocaena spinnipinis), live in inshore waters.
List of Marine Mammals
- South American Sea Lion - Otaria flavescens (formerly byronia)
- South American Fur Seal - Arctocephalus australis
- Juan Fernández Fur Seal - Arctocephalus philippii (does not breed, seen in small numbers during the winter months at San Juan de Marcona)
- Marine Otter - Lontra felina
- Risso's Dolphin - Grampus griseus
- Bottlenose Dolphin - Tursiops truncatus
- Short-Beaked Common Dolphin - Delphinus delphis
- Long-Beaked Common Dolphin - Delphinus capensis
- Dusky Dolphin - Lagenorhynchus obscurus
- Pantropical Spotted Dolphin - Stenella attenuata
- Striped Dolphin - Stenella coeruleoalba
- Spinner Dolphin - Stenella longirostris
- Rough-Toothed dolphin - Steno bredanensis
- Pygmy Killer Whale - Feresa attenuata
- Killer Whale - Orcinus orca
- False Killer Whale - Pseudorca crassidens
- Burmeister's porpoise - Phocoena spinipinnis
- Fraser's Dolphin - Lagenodelphis hosei
- Southern Right-whale Dolphin - Lissodelphis peronii
- Short-Finned Pilot Whale - Globicephala macrorhynchus
- Long-Finned Pilot Whale - Globicephala melas
- Melon-Headed Whale - Peponocephala electra
- Antarctic Minke Whale - Balaenoptera bonaerensis
- Sei Whale - Balaenoptera borealis
- Bryde's Whale - Balaenoptera edeni
- Blue Whale - Balaenoptera musculus
- Fin Whale - Balaenoptera physalus
- Lesser-Beaked Whale - Mesoplodon peruvianus
- Blainville's Beaked Whale - Mesoplodon densirostris
- Cuvier's Beaked Whale - Ziphius cavirostris
- Southern Right Whale - Eubalaena australis
- Humpback Whale - Megaptera novaeangliae
- Sperm Whale - Physeter macrocephalus
- Pygmy Sperm Whale - Kogia breviceps
- Dwarf Sperm Whale - Kogia sima
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A complete network of interconnecting roads linked Cusco to its provinces and other kingdoms and the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu was part of that system. Today it has become the most famous and popular trek in South America due to the variety of attractions it offers. The trail route lies within the Machu Picchu Historical Sanctuary, which was created by the government in 1981 to protect the natural beauty and the archaeological sites of this extraordinary area. This spectacular trail runs from high mountains down to cloud forest, passing through a number of diverse ecological zones filled with an enormous variety of plants and bird life. The route is also studded with archaeological sites which lead the visitor to the lost city of the Incas; Machu Picchu.