Running inca trail Marathon Chaski Challenge Tour (*7 days, 6 nights)
Includes Inca Trail Marathon
If you are fit, have run marathons and like challenge, then this tour is for you: join us for this incredible trip.
A part of this system were the Chaski, something like a post crew formed by athletic young relay runners prepared to cover quickly the distance between two Chaskiwasi (chaski's house) that had an average of 2.5 Kms. (1.55 miles). Their aim was to carry messages that could be oral or goods with ideo-graphic meanings such as the Qhipu (Inkan accounting system consisting in multicolored knotted strings), textiles with Tokapus (different symbols framed by squares), some other elements engraved or painted, etc. Moreover, the Chaskis had to carry some other important objects for the Inka and certain noblemen: it is traditionally known that the Inka in Qosqo used to eat fresh fish brought from the coast through this system. This service was uninterrupted all day long, besides being sufficiently quick. These young runners transmitting or passing messages could go over from 15 to 20 kms/hour (from 9.5 to 12.5 miles/h), thence from 360 to 480 Kms. per day (from 224 to 298 miles per day).
For this trip, we have highly-trained Guides and an excellent organisation that will enable you to do the trail in just a few hours!!!
http://www.incalandadventures.com/happytourists.html
ITINERARY:
Day 1 : Arrive in Lima. We pick you up from the airport and take you to your hotel.
Onernight at casa andina
Day 2 : Lima - Cusco - Flight to Cusco (one hour). We pick you up from the airport and take you to your hotel. Free afternoon to relax and explore the city by yourself. At 7pm. You will have a short meeting with the Guides about what to expect on the Inca Trail. B*L*D
Over night at casa andina
Day 3 : Cusco - Sacred Valley - Today we go on the Sacred Valley Tour and enjoy the beauty of this area and its Inca buildings. We will stay the night in Ollantaytambo. B*L*D*
Over night at casa andina
Day 4 : Ollantaytambo - Inca Trail - It´s warm-up day! We will wake-up at 7am and after breakfast we will head to the starting point of our trek - kilometre 77 of the railway between Cusco and Machu Picchu. After a gentle start, we will start running (for approximately 1 hour) to '‘Llactapata’ Inca complex where we will camp. We will have dinner, a short meeting about the next day and an early night. B*L*D*
Overnight at casa andina
Day 5 : Inca Trail - Machu Picchu - After waking up at 4am, we will have breakfast and pack. At 6 am we will start the race of about 24 miles over 3 passes - we will arrive at Machu Picchu in approximately 6 to 9 hours!!!!
There will be aid-stations at crucial parts of the trail, people with juice, fruit, snacks, chocolates, first-aid staff, people with walkie talkies (for emergency) and also people timing you at various points, including at the finishing line: Machu Picchu!!!!
There will be dinner and a big celebration in Aguas Calientes. B*L*D* over night at inti inn
Day 6 : Machu Picchu - Cusco - We will take an early bus up to Machu Picchu and a walking tour of the city (approximately 2 hours) will be given by your guide. After this you can explore the mysterious city by yourselves. If you still have energy you can also climb Huayna Picchu (2720m/8923ft)!!! (It takes 45 minutes to reach the top.)B*L*
You will meet your guide in Aguas Calientes (it can be reached by bus or on foot) for lunch and to be given your train tickets back to Cusco. The train usually leaves at 3.55pm and we will arrive back in Cusco at about 8.45pm. B* overnight at casa andina
Day 7 : Cusco –lima .- transfer to the airport and of our services
Please Note
B*= Breakfast L*= Lunch D* = Dinner.
Dificulty level depends very much on your fitness and aclimatization.
Includes:
. all the fees included
•All hotel accommodation (1 night in tents on the Inca trail)
. 5 nights hotel at casa andina
. All the meals on the trip
•Pick-ups from airports/bus stations to hotels and vice versa
•Breakfast is included in all accommodation (lunch and dinner are included
•1 flight: Lima - Cusco
•Sacred Valley Tour
•Inca Trail Trip
What you need to take
Travel Insurance is essential
Everything is done so that the trek is not a 'roughing it' experience. You will only carry a small day-pack (which should include items such as a waterproof jacket, sun protection cream, insect repellent, water and camera). Porters will carry the rest of your personal belongings.
In this service you can also request your own preffered food!!!!
Private service also means private/special treatment for your porters, they get paid more!
Private Service means that no other people you don't know / want will be part of your trip.
If you are planning to hike the inca trail with your family and children, friends, bride, you are on honeymoon, etc we have right trips for you !
What you need to take:
•Original passport (and *International Student card (ISIC) if applicable)
•Travel Insurance is essential
•Sleeping bag (not included but can be hired from us)
•Walking boots
•Waterproof jacket/rain poncho
•Warm jacket, hat and gloves
•T-shirts
•Comfortable trousers
•Sun hat
•Sun protection cream (factor 35 recommended)
•Re-usable plastic or metal water container or camel bags.
•Water (only for first 4 hours of trek, then we will provide you with drinking -previously boiled- water).
•Insect repellent
•Toiletries
•Personal medication
•Camera and films
•Torch with spare batteries (headlamps are useful)
*To qualify as a student, it is necessary to have a valid ISIC card.
Optional items to take:
•Shorts
•Plasters and bandages
•Sandals
•Extra money
•Bathing suit (for hot springs in Aguas Calientes)
Please see our Terms and Conditions and F.A.Q
Do I need Travel Insurance? travel insurance comparison site where travelers search and compare over 250 travel insurance plans to find the best policy to suit their needs.
Prices
Running Inca trail Marathon Chaski Challenge Tour 7d/ 6 n)
INCA TRAIL RUNNING MARATHON
more info flavio@incalandadventures.com
* Prices For a Person in US Dollars
• http://www.incalandadventures.com/terms-conditions.html
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta hiking. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta hiking. Mostrar todas las entradas
lunes, 20 de septiembre de 2010
INCA TRAIL TO MACHU PICCHU AND CIRCUIT AROUND MOUNT AUSANGATE 14d/13n 5 night camping
INCA TRAIL TO MACHU PICCHU AND CIRCUIT AROUND MOUNT AUSANGATE 14d/13n 5 night camping
Reserve your 2011 entry today!
Don't miss the original classic pilgrimage trail to Machu Picchu. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Inca Trail permits are issued on a first-come, first-served basis and are non-transferable. To ensure your spot we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
RETURN TO TRIP SUMMARY
Land cost: Single Supplement, if requested. $550
Day 1: Lima/Cusco .- This morning you will be met at the Lima airport by an Andes Adventures representative, who will assist you with connecting flights to Cusco. Depart on a one-hour flight to Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire and the continent’s oldest continuously inhabited city. Upon arrival in Cusco, we transfer to the hotel where a traditional welcome cup of coca leaf tea is served to help with the acclimatization to the 11,150 feet altitude. This morning we will have a guided sightseeing tour of the city, visiting the Cathedral, Qorikancha, the most important temple of the Inca empire and the Santo Domingo Monastery. You will receive a tourist ticket valid for the length of the trip enabling you to visit the many archaeological sites, temples and other places of interest. Welcome dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: L, D.
Today's run: None scheduled.
Day 2: Cusco .- Morning visit to the archaeological sites surrounding Cusco, beginning with the fortress and temple of Sacsayhuaman, perched on a hillside overlooking Cusco at 12,136 feet. It is still a mystery how this fortress was constructed. Gigantic stones, some of them weighing 125 tons, were carved into huge trapezoidal blocks that fit together with extraordinary precision. The tour continues with visits to the semicircular shrine of Kenko, Puca Pucara and the Royal Baths of Tambomachay, a beautiful ceremonial bath, adorned with waterfalls, which continues to flow 500 years after being built.
Following the tour, we run downhill to Cusco, passing through the village of Yuncaypata, and the Temple of the Moon. We enter Cusco through San Blas and finish at the Plaza de Armas. After lunch, we will spend the afternoon relaxing, shopping and sightseeing in beautiful Cusco and its surroundings. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 4.5 miles.
Day 3: Chinchero/Yucay .- Continuing to Urubamba, the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we travel across a high plain with splendid views of the Cordillera Urubamba to the ancient Inca town of Chinchero at 12,350 feet. There, we will visit a highland home and observe a demonstration of the traditional weaving process and shop for local handicrafts. Acclimatization run, starting on flat terrain, passing through the salt mines of Maras and finishing down a scenic trail leading to the Urubamba River. Overnight in the town of Yucay. Overnight: Sonesta Posada del Inca Hotel in Yucay. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 5 to 8 mile options.
Day 4: River rafting /Llactapata .- We are picked up at the hotel for a two hour whitewater adventure on the Urubamba River where everyone shares in the paddling. Trained river guides will give us a safety and familiarization orientation. Instead of rafting you may choose to take a nature hike or run. We have a light lunch in Ollantaytambo and continue on a short ride by bus to the trailhead at km 82 "Piscacucho," where we begin our run to km 88 "Qoriwayrachina." There we enter the Machu Picchu Sanctuary National Park. About a mile later we arrive at our camp in the archaeological site of Llactapata "Town on Hillside" at 8,400 feet. Upon arrival in camp we enjoy hot coca tea and a great view of the Urubamba mountain range. Overnight: Camp at Llactapata. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: About 6.5 miles along the Urubamba River with a shorter option available.
Note: The point of entrance to the Inca Trail is subject to change due to permit requirements.
Day 5: llactapata Phuyupatamarca .- Early breakfast and start of our Inca Trail run*. The trail continues along the Cusichaca River and follows it upstream on a gradual climb for another three miles leaving behind the Urubamba valley and a magnificent view of snow-capped Mount Veronica (18,865'), the highest peak in the Cordillera Urubamba. We reach the village of Wayllabamba at 9,100 feet, the last inhabited village on the Inca trail. Penetrating the spectacular Llulluchayoc gorge; the trail becomes steeper as we enter mossy woods and continue our uphil climb through a thick forest, before emerging into a large meadow "pampa", Llulluchapampa high above tree line at about 12,400 feet. We continue to Warmiwañusq'a pass "Pass of the Dead Woman" at 13,779 feet, the highest pass in the Inca Trail. A short rocky descent into the valley brings us to Pacaymayo River. We will have an aid station here. Ascending steps, we begin the climb towards Runkurakay pass. On the way we encounter the Runkurakay watchtower ruins at 12,464 feet and pass by a couple of small lakes, before reaching the Runkurakay pass at 13,100 feet. From here you will have excellent views of the glaciated peaks of the Cordillera Vilcabamba. Most of the climb is behind us; the trail descends rocky slopes and reaches the strategic fortress of Sayacmarca "Dominant Town" at 12,234 feet. Beyond Sayacmarca the trail enters dense groves and you will find impressive evidence of Inca road construction, with its six feet wide and carefully constructed stone-paved trails. An amazing engineering accomplishment! We will negotiate a 20 meter Inca tunnel with carved steps and soon the trail becomes a magnificent stone staircase leading to Phuyupatamarca "Town in the Clouds" at 11,674 feet. We summit the third pass and have our first look into the deep gorge of the Urubamba River and reach our camp in Phuyupatamarca.
*Runners have the option to run the "Inca Trail Marathon" and continue to Machu Picchu.
Overnight: Camp at Phuyupatamarca. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 17 miles
Day 6: Machu Picchu .- The trail follows down a series of hundreds of steps, passing by ceremonial Inca baths where mountain water still flows through carved stone channels. As we descend into the cloud forest, we will be surrounded by abundance of exotic varieties of plants, orchids and flowers until reaching the ruins of Wiñay Wayna "Forever Young." We run down a dirt trail about three and a half miles to Intipunku "Gateway of the Sun" at 8,860 feet. Suddenly, the full grandeur of the world's greatest ruins are revealed, the domed peak of Huayna Picchu and the lost City of the Incas, MACHU PICCHU at 7,900 feet. Our evening includes Machu Picchu Pueblo (previously known as Aguas Calientes), where we will enjoy a celebration dinner. Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu.Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 10.5 miles.
Day 7: Machu Picchu .- We spend the early part of the morning with our expert guide, for a tour of the mysterious city, its magnificent temples, terraced hillsides, archaeological curiosities, irrigation channels, fountains, elaborate stone work and chambers of unknown purpose. As we listen to the theories about the mysteries of Machu Picchu, we wonder how and why this city was built in such a remote place and what its purpose might have been. Fortunately this outstanding citadel was never discovered by the Spaniards and was spared from destruction. After lunch at the Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge, continue exploring the ruins of Machu Picchu, or relax in Aguas Calientes. You may also choose from several additional (unguided) activities such as a moderate hike or run to the Inca Bridge; a more strenuous hike to the 9,500 feet summit of Machu Picchu mountain; or a steep climb to the airy summit of Huayna Picchu at 9,000 feet.
Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 8: Ollantaytambo/Pisac/Cusco .-This morning we board the train to Urubamba. Upon arrival we visit the village of Ollanta and Ollantaytambo, the best surviving example of an Inca town. Most of its buildings sit upon Inca walls and the street plan is still the original laid out by its Inca builders. Its stonework, narrow cobbled streets, family courtyards and water system is exactly as it was built in Inca times. You will be able to appreciate the Inca agricultural terraces that create small tiers of fertile land on very steep slopes. After lunch in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we continue by bus to visit the Andean village of Pisac. Our guide takes us through the village to visit its colorful market where extensive selections of colorful weavings, ceramics, sweaters and other handicrafts are sold at bargain prices. The afternoon is free for shopping and enjoying Cusco. Dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 9: cusco Tinqui .- This morning, we are picked up at the hotel for a 2 1/2 hour drive to the trailhead of the Ausangate circuit, in the highland village of Tinqui at 12,400 feet. We enjoy authentic Sunday markets as we drive by the Andean towns of Andahuaylillas, Urcos and Ccauri. We continue to Ocongate before reaching the village of Tinqui. Overnight in a rustic hotel. Overnight: Rustic lodgings in Tinqui. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: None scheduled.
Day 10:tinki Upis .- We start our uphill run crossing the Mapocho River. The terrain turns into open arid grasslands known as puna. Scattered clumps of coarse grasses, collectively called ichu, characterize the treeless puna. This highland grass is used for roof thatch and fodder for grazing llamas and alpacas. We run over rolling hills passing by stone walls and a few thatched houses. The trail continues up toward the north face of Mount Ausangate (20,905'), considered by these highlanders as the sacred Apu "Mountain Spirit." We will run to Huahuayocrumi at 14,765 feet, before descending into Upis at 14,400 feet. We camp by the thermal pools. Overnight: Upis Camp. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 8 miles.
Day 11: upis Jampa .- We start early this morning crossing the green Upismayo valley, filled with grazing llamas and alpacas. We climb up to Arapa pass at 15,585 feet and descend to Laguna Pucacocha at 15,080 feet. We will have an aid station here. We have excellent views of the surrounding lakes and the glaciated west face of Mount Ausangate. We will continue up the Apacheta pass at 15,750 feet and descend to Lake Ausangatecocha, followed by the highest pass, the Palomani pass at 16,600 feet; with great views of Ausangate (20,905') and Santa Catalina (19,055'). In these high mountains, we might see the giant condor soaring high in the blue skies, and a variety of highland birds like coots, Andean geese, cacaraca, hawks, puna ibis as well as the marmot-like vizcacha and others. These remote mountains areas are also refuges for the vicuña. We descend toward Pampacancha at 14,900 feet, we will have an aid station here. We continue to Uchuy Finaya on the south side of Mount Ausangate and run along the Jampamayo River valley, passing the remote village of Jampa. The views are overwhelming with the glaciers and the snow-capped mountains surrounding us; Colque-Cruz (19,554'), Puca Punta and Tres Picos (19,990'). A short climb brings us to Jampa, our highest camp at 15,500 feet.
Overnight: Jampa Camp. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 21.5 miles.
Day 12 :jampa Pacchanta .- Today we climb the Campa Pass (16,400'), where we will be surrounded by spectacular views of glaciers and ice covered peaks. Looking down on our trail, we will see Lakes Comercocha and Caycocha. From the pass, we descend to Lake Minaparayoc. A moderate downhill takes us to the village of Pacchanta at 13,950 feet. We will enjoy a specially prepared traditional "pachamanca" dinner feast, prepared in an ancient Quechua method of cooking meat and vegetables underground with heated stones. We camp for the night and enjoy the local hot springs. Overnight: Pacchanta Camp. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 9.5 miles.
Day 13: Tinqui/Cusco .-Our last day on the circuit we continue to enjoy magnificent alpine scenery, with views of Mount Ausangate and the nearby snow-capped peaks of the Vilcanota range. We run by the small communities of Cullpacata, Yanama, Mojonpata and Quimsapuccio giving us our last chance to see remote Andean villagers. Herds of llamas, alpacas and their herders, in their colorful traditional clothing, work along the hillsides. Most speak no Spanish, only the ancient Quechua language. After returning to Tinqui we drive back to Cusco. The afternoon is free for last-minute shopping and enjoying Cusco. Tonight we'll have our farewell dinner in one of Cusco's finest restaurants. Overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 6 miles.
Day 14: Cusco/Lima .- After an early breakfast, transfer to the Cusco airport for the flight to Lima. We will be met at the airport and transferred to a hotel in the residential district of Miraflores, where a day use room is available. After lunch, we are picked up at the hotel and taken on a sightseeing guided city tour of colonial and modern Lima. Highlights include Lima’s Cathedral, government palace in Plaza Mayor, San Francisco monastery, San Isidro, Miraflores and a scenic view of the coastline. Those departing tonight transfer to the airport and depart on homeward-bound flights.
How many years has Inca Land Adventures been in business?
Inca Land Adventures was founded in 2007. We specialize exclusively in peru . Our all-inclusive itineraries provide high quality trips at prices that are unmatched by any other adventure travel company. A claim that we can proudly guarantee!
Why are Inca Land Adventures trips are a lot less expensive than other companies?
Compare us with other companies offering adventure travel, you will find that we charge a lot less for similar programs. We are able to provide these low prices and keep costs down because we plan, organize and operate all our trips directly. We do not use an operator in any of our destinations; that alone saves you at least 30% to 40% of the cost. For the same reason we can also guarantee the quality of our adventures. We do not work with travel agents; therefore no additional cost for commission is added to our prices saving you an additional 15% to 20%. We keep our overhead low, and we carefully control our office and printing expenses. Nevertheless, Andes Adventures never compromises the quality of the trips in any way. We include excellent accommodations, all or most meals, tours & many other extras. Compare our adventures and prices with other well known companies and you will find that our itineraries include much more than comparable trips.
What's included in all Inca Land Adventures trips?
Our packages are all-inclusive and save you in every category. See details below and compare to any other company.
•All airport transfers and ground transportation as scheduled on itinerary.
•All accommodations are based on double occupancy.
•All off-trail accommodations in Perú are in fine hotels. When camping, we use roomy, high quality tents.
•All accommodations are in fine hotels and beautiful historic haciendas.
•All or most meals are included: Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner. (B, L, D) Vegetarian meals will be provided upon request in advance.
•All sightseeing tours, including all Park entrance fees on the itinerary.
•Services of professional tour guides/trip leaders.
Items that are not included in our trips: International airfare, internal flights, airport departure taxes, travel insurance (highly recommended), excess baggage fees, passport fees, Chilean reciprocity tax, optional tips to trip leader, guides and local staff, additional hotel nights that may be needed to accommodate your airline schedule, items of personal nature such as: sleeping bag, personal gear, laundry, telephone calls, beverages, etc..
What kind of trips does Inca Land Adventures offer?
We are the pioneers in mountain Running Adventures in South America. We operate the finest organized Trekking Adventures and sightseeing Tours in Peru,
What is the difference between a tour and a trekking Adventure?
On our tours you fly, drive, take a train or sail. You stay at fine accommodations. The walking is limited and rated "easy to moderate". Some optional outdoor activities are offered. Tours are generally physically non-demanding.
On our trekking adventures, you will be staying at the same fine accommodations in the cities and on other days you will hike from camp to camp with a light daypack. You will be pleasantly surprised by the level of comfort that is provided in our camps! Porters and pack animals carry all the equipment and our staff takes care of everything while our cook prepares delicious meals. We provide spacious tents, dining tents, toilet tents, hot basin washing water and all camping equipment.
Your running adventures look challenging. How strong a runner do I need to be?
Runners from 18 to 78 have participated in our running adventures. Many have not run a marathon. Some have never run on a trail before, or spent the night in a tent. If you run regularly, can comfortably run 10-15 miles in rolling terrain, and are fit and healthy, you should find our running adventures to be an exhilarating and rewarding experience. Our running adventures are for runners of all abilities. Plenty of support is provided on the trail so you can enjoy it at your own pace. Have questions? Give us a call 01 51 84 275973
What is the maximum group size?
Our trekking and tour groups in all Peru Adventures, including Inca Trail are always small - 7 to 16 participants maximum.
Do you arrange Private trips?
Yes, we can arrange Private trips to Peru for individuals, families, clubs, institutions and corporations. Choose any date that fits your group's plans. If you are planning to hike the Inca Trail Trekking Adventure, permits have to be purchased at least 4 to 5 months in advance (depending on time of year) to guarantee the spaces. If you are planning to do the Wonders of Peru Tour without the hike, no permits are required; but if you want to hike to Machu Picchu instead of taking the train, the same advanced registration is required to obtain the permits. Please contact us for more information.
What are the accommodations like?
Our trips include accommodations in first class fine hotels. Many of our itineraries include links to the hotel web sites.
What if I'm traveling alone?
If you are traveling alone and prefer single accommodations you must pay the single supplement. If you are willing to share accommodations, we will try our best to find a roommate and if that is not possible you will pay only 75% of the single supplement cost.
What kind of arrangements will we have on the Inca Trail?
On the Inca Trail in Peru you can expect the most complete support. We provide first-class camping and trekking services by experienced Andean guides, camp and cook staff, assisted by red blue train porters. All meals: Wake up tea, breakfast, lunch, tea meal and dinner. All quality group camping equipment: excellent personal tents, thermarest pads, dining and kitchen tents, tables, camp stools, toilet tents.
What is the food like?
All or most meals are included on our trips. You will be treated to an extensive variety of fabulous Peruvian cuisine. We choose the finest restaurants in the cities to give you the opportunity to taste a great variety of local delicacies and flavors. In camps our cooks are experts in preparing nourishing wholesome and delicious meals. We will accommodate any special diet requests you may have including vegetarian, please request prior to the trip.
About our trip leaders/guides.
Our experienced local bilingual trip leaders/guides are the key to making each trip a unique adventure and we provide the very best. They have in-depth knowledge of the language, customs, culture and history. They take great pleasure in sharing their insights and expertise and will make your adventure an unforgettable experience. Leaders are detail oriented, making sure everything runs safely and smoothly.
Pre-trip planning.
As soon as you sign up, you will receive detailed pre-departure material, including information on the country, check list of items to bring, insurance application and other information to help you prepare for your trip. Airline tickets and final trip details will be send about a month before departure.
Does Inca Land Adventures offer any group discounts?
Yes, we offer discounts for a party of 16 participants reserving at the same time and traveling together. Consult with us on the specific trip that you are considering.
How do I sign up for an Andes Adventures trip?
Send us a completed application and a $400 deposit. A second payment of $600 is due 90 days prior to departure. Full payment must be received 60 days prior to departure.
We recommend you sign up as early as possible. Our group sizes are small and they fill up quickly. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Permits are available only on a first-come, first serve basis. To guarantee your spot on the Inca Trail we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
Should I buy travel insurance?
We highly recommend the purchase of trip cancellation/interruption insurance to protect your travel investment. Included with your pre-departure package, you will receive an application for travel insurance to cover trip cancellation, interruption, baggage loss and delay, emergency medical evacuation insurance and emergency medical expense insurance
Travel Insured offers several types of coverage. We strongly recommend one of the Comprehensive Plans because of the Trip Cancellation benefit. The policy we suggest is the "Worldwide Trip Protector". Plans include a provision to waive the exclusion for Pre-Existing Conditions if you purchase the coverage within 14 days of your initial trip deposit.
Will I need a visa?
U.S. citizens do not need a visa to go to Peru . U.S. citizens need a visa to go to Bolivia. Other nationalities do not require a visa. Please consult with us!
What are the penalties for canceling my trip?
Cancellation fees are computed, as of the date we receive your written cancellation notice, as follows
Cancellation Fees For Perú,
•More than 90 days before departure - $200
•89 to 61 days before departure - $300
•60 to 31 days before departure - 50% of selling price
•30 days or less to departure 100% of selling price
Prices
INCA TRAIL TO MACHU PICCHU AND CIRCUIT AROUND MOUNT AUSANGATE 15d/14n 5 night camping
INCA TRAIL ,AUSANGATE RUNNING MARATHON
for more conta flavio@incalandadventures.com
* Prices For a Person in US Dollars
• http://www.incalandadventures.com/terms-conditions.html
Reserve your 2011 entry today!
Don't miss the original classic pilgrimage trail to Machu Picchu. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Inca Trail permits are issued on a first-come, first-served basis and are non-transferable. To ensure your spot we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
RETURN TO TRIP SUMMARY
Land cost: Single Supplement, if requested. $550
Day 1: Lima/Cusco .- This morning you will be met at the Lima airport by an Andes Adventures representative, who will assist you with connecting flights to Cusco. Depart on a one-hour flight to Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire and the continent’s oldest continuously inhabited city. Upon arrival in Cusco, we transfer to the hotel where a traditional welcome cup of coca leaf tea is served to help with the acclimatization to the 11,150 feet altitude. This morning we will have a guided sightseeing tour of the city, visiting the Cathedral, Qorikancha, the most important temple of the Inca empire and the Santo Domingo Monastery. You will receive a tourist ticket valid for the length of the trip enabling you to visit the many archaeological sites, temples and other places of interest. Welcome dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: L, D.
Today's run: None scheduled.
Day 2: Cusco .- Morning visit to the archaeological sites surrounding Cusco, beginning with the fortress and temple of Sacsayhuaman, perched on a hillside overlooking Cusco at 12,136 feet. It is still a mystery how this fortress was constructed. Gigantic stones, some of them weighing 125 tons, were carved into huge trapezoidal blocks that fit together with extraordinary precision. The tour continues with visits to the semicircular shrine of Kenko, Puca Pucara and the Royal Baths of Tambomachay, a beautiful ceremonial bath, adorned with waterfalls, which continues to flow 500 years after being built.
Following the tour, we run downhill to Cusco, passing through the village of Yuncaypata, and the Temple of the Moon. We enter Cusco through San Blas and finish at the Plaza de Armas. After lunch, we will spend the afternoon relaxing, shopping and sightseeing in beautiful Cusco and its surroundings. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 4.5 miles.
Day 3: Chinchero/Yucay .- Continuing to Urubamba, the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we travel across a high plain with splendid views of the Cordillera Urubamba to the ancient Inca town of Chinchero at 12,350 feet. There, we will visit a highland home and observe a demonstration of the traditional weaving process and shop for local handicrafts. Acclimatization run, starting on flat terrain, passing through the salt mines of Maras and finishing down a scenic trail leading to the Urubamba River. Overnight in the town of Yucay. Overnight: Sonesta Posada del Inca Hotel in Yucay. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 5 to 8 mile options.
Day 4: River rafting /Llactapata .- We are picked up at the hotel for a two hour whitewater adventure on the Urubamba River where everyone shares in the paddling. Trained river guides will give us a safety and familiarization orientation. Instead of rafting you may choose to take a nature hike or run. We have a light lunch in Ollantaytambo and continue on a short ride by bus to the trailhead at km 82 "Piscacucho," where we begin our run to km 88 "Qoriwayrachina." There we enter the Machu Picchu Sanctuary National Park. About a mile later we arrive at our camp in the archaeological site of Llactapata "Town on Hillside" at 8,400 feet. Upon arrival in camp we enjoy hot coca tea and a great view of the Urubamba mountain range. Overnight: Camp at Llactapata. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: About 6.5 miles along the Urubamba River with a shorter option available.
Note: The point of entrance to the Inca Trail is subject to change due to permit requirements.
Day 5: llactapata Phuyupatamarca .- Early breakfast and start of our Inca Trail run*. The trail continues along the Cusichaca River and follows it upstream on a gradual climb for another three miles leaving behind the Urubamba valley and a magnificent view of snow-capped Mount Veronica (18,865'), the highest peak in the Cordillera Urubamba. We reach the village of Wayllabamba at 9,100 feet, the last inhabited village on the Inca trail. Penetrating the spectacular Llulluchayoc gorge; the trail becomes steeper as we enter mossy woods and continue our uphil climb through a thick forest, before emerging into a large meadow "pampa", Llulluchapampa high above tree line at about 12,400 feet. We continue to Warmiwañusq'a pass "Pass of the Dead Woman" at 13,779 feet, the highest pass in the Inca Trail. A short rocky descent into the valley brings us to Pacaymayo River. We will have an aid station here. Ascending steps, we begin the climb towards Runkurakay pass. On the way we encounter the Runkurakay watchtower ruins at 12,464 feet and pass by a couple of small lakes, before reaching the Runkurakay pass at 13,100 feet. From here you will have excellent views of the glaciated peaks of the Cordillera Vilcabamba. Most of the climb is behind us; the trail descends rocky slopes and reaches the strategic fortress of Sayacmarca "Dominant Town" at 12,234 feet. Beyond Sayacmarca the trail enters dense groves and you will find impressive evidence of Inca road construction, with its six feet wide and carefully constructed stone-paved trails. An amazing engineering accomplishment! We will negotiate a 20 meter Inca tunnel with carved steps and soon the trail becomes a magnificent stone staircase leading to Phuyupatamarca "Town in the Clouds" at 11,674 feet. We summit the third pass and have our first look into the deep gorge of the Urubamba River and reach our camp in Phuyupatamarca.
*Runners have the option to run the "Inca Trail Marathon" and continue to Machu Picchu.
Overnight: Camp at Phuyupatamarca. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 17 miles
Day 6: Machu Picchu .- The trail follows down a series of hundreds of steps, passing by ceremonial Inca baths where mountain water still flows through carved stone channels. As we descend into the cloud forest, we will be surrounded by abundance of exotic varieties of plants, orchids and flowers until reaching the ruins of Wiñay Wayna "Forever Young." We run down a dirt trail about three and a half miles to Intipunku "Gateway of the Sun" at 8,860 feet. Suddenly, the full grandeur of the world's greatest ruins are revealed, the domed peak of Huayna Picchu and the lost City of the Incas, MACHU PICCHU at 7,900 feet. Our evening includes Machu Picchu Pueblo (previously known as Aguas Calientes), where we will enjoy a celebration dinner. Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu.Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 10.5 miles.
Day 7: Machu Picchu .- We spend the early part of the morning with our expert guide, for a tour of the mysterious city, its magnificent temples, terraced hillsides, archaeological curiosities, irrigation channels, fountains, elaborate stone work and chambers of unknown purpose. As we listen to the theories about the mysteries of Machu Picchu, we wonder how and why this city was built in such a remote place and what its purpose might have been. Fortunately this outstanding citadel was never discovered by the Spaniards and was spared from destruction. After lunch at the Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge, continue exploring the ruins of Machu Picchu, or relax in Aguas Calientes. You may also choose from several additional (unguided) activities such as a moderate hike or run to the Inca Bridge; a more strenuous hike to the 9,500 feet summit of Machu Picchu mountain; or a steep climb to the airy summit of Huayna Picchu at 9,000 feet.
Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 8: Ollantaytambo/Pisac/Cusco .-This morning we board the train to Urubamba. Upon arrival we visit the village of Ollanta and Ollantaytambo, the best surviving example of an Inca town. Most of its buildings sit upon Inca walls and the street plan is still the original laid out by its Inca builders. Its stonework, narrow cobbled streets, family courtyards and water system is exactly as it was built in Inca times. You will be able to appreciate the Inca agricultural terraces that create small tiers of fertile land on very steep slopes. After lunch in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we continue by bus to visit the Andean village of Pisac. Our guide takes us through the village to visit its colorful market where extensive selections of colorful weavings, ceramics, sweaters and other handicrafts are sold at bargain prices. The afternoon is free for shopping and enjoying Cusco. Dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 9: cusco Tinqui .- This morning, we are picked up at the hotel for a 2 1/2 hour drive to the trailhead of the Ausangate circuit, in the highland village of Tinqui at 12,400 feet. We enjoy authentic Sunday markets as we drive by the Andean towns of Andahuaylillas, Urcos and Ccauri. We continue to Ocongate before reaching the village of Tinqui. Overnight in a rustic hotel. Overnight: Rustic lodgings in Tinqui. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: None scheduled.
Day 10:tinki Upis .- We start our uphill run crossing the Mapocho River. The terrain turns into open arid grasslands known as puna. Scattered clumps of coarse grasses, collectively called ichu, characterize the treeless puna. This highland grass is used for roof thatch and fodder for grazing llamas and alpacas. We run over rolling hills passing by stone walls and a few thatched houses. The trail continues up toward the north face of Mount Ausangate (20,905'), considered by these highlanders as the sacred Apu "Mountain Spirit." We will run to Huahuayocrumi at 14,765 feet, before descending into Upis at 14,400 feet. We camp by the thermal pools. Overnight: Upis Camp. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 8 miles.
Day 11: upis Jampa .- We start early this morning crossing the green Upismayo valley, filled with grazing llamas and alpacas. We climb up to Arapa pass at 15,585 feet and descend to Laguna Pucacocha at 15,080 feet. We will have an aid station here. We have excellent views of the surrounding lakes and the glaciated west face of Mount Ausangate. We will continue up the Apacheta pass at 15,750 feet and descend to Lake Ausangatecocha, followed by the highest pass, the Palomani pass at 16,600 feet; with great views of Ausangate (20,905') and Santa Catalina (19,055'). In these high mountains, we might see the giant condor soaring high in the blue skies, and a variety of highland birds like coots, Andean geese, cacaraca, hawks, puna ibis as well as the marmot-like vizcacha and others. These remote mountains areas are also refuges for the vicuña. We descend toward Pampacancha at 14,900 feet, we will have an aid station here. We continue to Uchuy Finaya on the south side of Mount Ausangate and run along the Jampamayo River valley, passing the remote village of Jampa. The views are overwhelming with the glaciers and the snow-capped mountains surrounding us; Colque-Cruz (19,554'), Puca Punta and Tres Picos (19,990'). A short climb brings us to Jampa, our highest camp at 15,500 feet.
Overnight: Jampa Camp. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 21.5 miles.
Day 12 :jampa Pacchanta .- Today we climb the Campa Pass (16,400'), where we will be surrounded by spectacular views of glaciers and ice covered peaks. Looking down on our trail, we will see Lakes Comercocha and Caycocha. From the pass, we descend to Lake Minaparayoc. A moderate downhill takes us to the village of Pacchanta at 13,950 feet. We will enjoy a specially prepared traditional "pachamanca" dinner feast, prepared in an ancient Quechua method of cooking meat and vegetables underground with heated stones. We camp for the night and enjoy the local hot springs. Overnight: Pacchanta Camp. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 9.5 miles.
Day 13: Tinqui/Cusco .-Our last day on the circuit we continue to enjoy magnificent alpine scenery, with views of Mount Ausangate and the nearby snow-capped peaks of the Vilcanota range. We run by the small communities of Cullpacata, Yanama, Mojonpata and Quimsapuccio giving us our last chance to see remote Andean villagers. Herds of llamas, alpacas and their herders, in their colorful traditional clothing, work along the hillsides. Most speak no Spanish, only the ancient Quechua language. After returning to Tinqui we drive back to Cusco. The afternoon is free for last-minute shopping and enjoying Cusco. Tonight we'll have our farewell dinner in one of Cusco's finest restaurants. Overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 6 miles.
Day 14: Cusco/Lima .- After an early breakfast, transfer to the Cusco airport for the flight to Lima. We will be met at the airport and transferred to a hotel in the residential district of Miraflores, where a day use room is available. After lunch, we are picked up at the hotel and taken on a sightseeing guided city tour of colonial and modern Lima. Highlights include Lima’s Cathedral, government palace in Plaza Mayor, San Francisco monastery, San Isidro, Miraflores and a scenic view of the coastline. Those departing tonight transfer to the airport and depart on homeward-bound flights.
How many years has Inca Land Adventures been in business?
Inca Land Adventures was founded in 2007. We specialize exclusively in peru . Our all-inclusive itineraries provide high quality trips at prices that are unmatched by any other adventure travel company. A claim that we can proudly guarantee!
Why are Inca Land Adventures trips are a lot less expensive than other companies?
Compare us with other companies offering adventure travel, you will find that we charge a lot less for similar programs. We are able to provide these low prices and keep costs down because we plan, organize and operate all our trips directly. We do not use an operator in any of our destinations; that alone saves you at least 30% to 40% of the cost. For the same reason we can also guarantee the quality of our adventures. We do not work with travel agents; therefore no additional cost for commission is added to our prices saving you an additional 15% to 20%. We keep our overhead low, and we carefully control our office and printing expenses. Nevertheless, Andes Adventures never compromises the quality of the trips in any way. We include excellent accommodations, all or most meals, tours & many other extras. Compare our adventures and prices with other well known companies and you will find that our itineraries include much more than comparable trips.
What's included in all Inca Land Adventures trips?
Our packages are all-inclusive and save you in every category. See details below and compare to any other company.
•All airport transfers and ground transportation as scheduled on itinerary.
•All accommodations are based on double occupancy.
•All off-trail accommodations in Perú are in fine hotels. When camping, we use roomy, high quality tents.
•All accommodations are in fine hotels and beautiful historic haciendas.
•All or most meals are included: Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner. (B, L, D) Vegetarian meals will be provided upon request in advance.
•All sightseeing tours, including all Park entrance fees on the itinerary.
•Services of professional tour guides/trip leaders.
Items that are not included in our trips: International airfare, internal flights, airport departure taxes, travel insurance (highly recommended), excess baggage fees, passport fees, Chilean reciprocity tax, optional tips to trip leader, guides and local staff, additional hotel nights that may be needed to accommodate your airline schedule, items of personal nature such as: sleeping bag, personal gear, laundry, telephone calls, beverages, etc..
What kind of trips does Inca Land Adventures offer?
We are the pioneers in mountain Running Adventures in South America. We operate the finest organized Trekking Adventures and sightseeing Tours in Peru,
What is the difference between a tour and a trekking Adventure?
On our tours you fly, drive, take a train or sail. You stay at fine accommodations. The walking is limited and rated "easy to moderate". Some optional outdoor activities are offered. Tours are generally physically non-demanding.
On our trekking adventures, you will be staying at the same fine accommodations in the cities and on other days you will hike from camp to camp with a light daypack. You will be pleasantly surprised by the level of comfort that is provided in our camps! Porters and pack animals carry all the equipment and our staff takes care of everything while our cook prepares delicious meals. We provide spacious tents, dining tents, toilet tents, hot basin washing water and all camping equipment.
Your running adventures look challenging. How strong a runner do I need to be?
Runners from 18 to 78 have participated in our running adventures. Many have not run a marathon. Some have never run on a trail before, or spent the night in a tent. If you run regularly, can comfortably run 10-15 miles in rolling terrain, and are fit and healthy, you should find our running adventures to be an exhilarating and rewarding experience. Our running adventures are for runners of all abilities. Plenty of support is provided on the trail so you can enjoy it at your own pace. Have questions? Give us a call 01 51 84 275973
What is the maximum group size?
Our trekking and tour groups in all Peru Adventures, including Inca Trail are always small - 7 to 16 participants maximum.
Do you arrange Private trips?
Yes, we can arrange Private trips to Peru for individuals, families, clubs, institutions and corporations. Choose any date that fits your group's plans. If you are planning to hike the Inca Trail Trekking Adventure, permits have to be purchased at least 4 to 5 months in advance (depending on time of year) to guarantee the spaces. If you are planning to do the Wonders of Peru Tour without the hike, no permits are required; but if you want to hike to Machu Picchu instead of taking the train, the same advanced registration is required to obtain the permits. Please contact us for more information.
What are the accommodations like?
Our trips include accommodations in first class fine hotels. Many of our itineraries include links to the hotel web sites.
What if I'm traveling alone?
If you are traveling alone and prefer single accommodations you must pay the single supplement. If you are willing to share accommodations, we will try our best to find a roommate and if that is not possible you will pay only 75% of the single supplement cost.
What kind of arrangements will we have on the Inca Trail?
On the Inca Trail in Peru you can expect the most complete support. We provide first-class camping and trekking services by experienced Andean guides, camp and cook staff, assisted by red blue train porters. All meals: Wake up tea, breakfast, lunch, tea meal and dinner. All quality group camping equipment: excellent personal tents, thermarest pads, dining and kitchen tents, tables, camp stools, toilet tents.
What is the food like?
All or most meals are included on our trips. You will be treated to an extensive variety of fabulous Peruvian cuisine. We choose the finest restaurants in the cities to give you the opportunity to taste a great variety of local delicacies and flavors. In camps our cooks are experts in preparing nourishing wholesome and delicious meals. We will accommodate any special diet requests you may have including vegetarian, please request prior to the trip.
About our trip leaders/guides.
Our experienced local bilingual trip leaders/guides are the key to making each trip a unique adventure and we provide the very best. They have in-depth knowledge of the language, customs, culture and history. They take great pleasure in sharing their insights and expertise and will make your adventure an unforgettable experience. Leaders are detail oriented, making sure everything runs safely and smoothly.
Pre-trip planning.
As soon as you sign up, you will receive detailed pre-departure material, including information on the country, check list of items to bring, insurance application and other information to help you prepare for your trip. Airline tickets and final trip details will be send about a month before departure.
Does Inca Land Adventures offer any group discounts?
Yes, we offer discounts for a party of 16 participants reserving at the same time and traveling together. Consult with us on the specific trip that you are considering.
How do I sign up for an Andes Adventures trip?
Send us a completed application and a $400 deposit. A second payment of $600 is due 90 days prior to departure. Full payment must be received 60 days prior to departure.
We recommend you sign up as early as possible. Our group sizes are small and they fill up quickly. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Permits are available only on a first-come, first serve basis. To guarantee your spot on the Inca Trail we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
Should I buy travel insurance?
We highly recommend the purchase of trip cancellation/interruption insurance to protect your travel investment. Included with your pre-departure package, you will receive an application for travel insurance to cover trip cancellation, interruption, baggage loss and delay, emergency medical evacuation insurance and emergency medical expense insurance
Travel Insured offers several types of coverage. We strongly recommend one of the Comprehensive Plans because of the Trip Cancellation benefit. The policy we suggest is the "Worldwide Trip Protector". Plans include a provision to waive the exclusion for Pre-Existing Conditions if you purchase the coverage within 14 days of your initial trip deposit.
Will I need a visa?
U.S. citizens do not need a visa to go to Peru . U.S. citizens need a visa to go to Bolivia. Other nationalities do not require a visa. Please consult with us!
What are the penalties for canceling my trip?
Cancellation fees are computed, as of the date we receive your written cancellation notice, as follows
Cancellation Fees For Perú,
•More than 90 days before departure - $200
•89 to 61 days before departure - $300
•60 to 31 days before departure - 50% of selling price
•30 days or less to departure 100% of selling price
Prices
INCA TRAIL TO MACHU PICCHU AND CIRCUIT AROUND MOUNT AUSANGATE 15d/14n 5 night camping
INCA TRAIL ,AUSANGATE RUNNING MARATHON
for more conta flavio@incalandadventures.com
* Prices For a Person in US Dollars
• http://www.incalandadventures.com/terms-conditions.html
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Running Marathon Adventure 10d/09N (1 night camping)
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Running Marathon Adventure 10d/09N (1 night camping)
ITINERARY
In 2010 Inca Trail permits sold out 5 months in advance. Reserve your 2011 entry today!
Peru Information
Don't miss the original classic pilgrimage trail to Machu Picchu. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Inca Trail permits are issued on a first-come, first-served basis and are non-transferable. To ensure your spot we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
*Does not include single tent on the Inca Trail $555*
• All off-trail accommodations in Perú are in fine hotels. When camping, we use roomy, high quality tents. All accommodations are based on double occupancy.
• If you are traveling alone and prefer single accommodations you must pay the single supplement. If you are willing to share accommodations, we will try our best to find a roommate and if that is not possible you will pay only 75% of the single supplement cost.
• Inca Trail, Salkantay trail, Ausangate circuit : First-class camping and trekking services by experienced Andean guides, camp and cook staff, red and blue porters on the Inca Trail and Quechua arrieros with their pack animals in Salkantay, on the Ausangate circuit. Horses are available in Salcantay, on the Ausangate circuit. All group camping equipment: quality tents, thermarest pads, dining and kitchen tents, tables and camp stools, toilet tents, etc. All meals: Wake up tea, breakfast, lunch, tea meal and dinner. .
• The services of professional tour guides.
• Our local leaders and guides are knowledgeable about the language, customs, culture and history of their country. They are detail oriented and take great pleasure in sharing their insight and expertise. They help make sure everything runs as safely and smoothly as possible.
Note: All itineraries are subject to change due to circumstances beyond our control including, weather, road or trail conditions and flight schedules.
Plan your 2011 Travel Adventure today!
Note: To avoid participants having to pay a premium for an extra night at the hotel at the airport in Lima or hotel in Cusco, an additional night was added at Hotel Picoaga in Cusco. We are also making available low cost all-inclusive flights departing from LAX and from Miami connecting directly to Cusco.
Day 1: Departure to Lima.- free day lima
Day 2: Cusco.- Early morning arrival at the Lima airport, where you will be met by an Inca Land Adventures representative, who will assist you with connecting flights to Cusco. Depart on a one-hour flight to Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire and the continent's oldest continuously inhabited city. Upon arrival in Cusco, we transfer to the hotel where a traditional welcome cup of coca leaf tea is served to help with the acclimatization to the 11,150 feet altitude.
The rest of the day is on your own to rest, acclimatize and enjoy Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: L. Today's run: None scheduled.
Day 3: Cusco .- Acclimatization morning run followed by a guided sightseeing tour of the city, visiting the Cathedral, Qorikancha, the most important temple of the Inca Empire and the Santo Domingo Monastery. You will receive a tourist ticket valid for the length of the trip enabling you to visit the many archaeological sites, temples and other places of interest. After lunch enjoy shopping and sightseeing in beautiful Cusco. Welcome dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D. Today's run: Optional acclimatization run.
Day 4: Cusco .- Morning visit to the archaeological sites surrounding Cusco, beginning with the fortress and temple of Sacsayhuaman, perched on a hillside overlooking Cusco at 12,136 feet. It is still a mystery how this fortress was constructed. Gigantic stones, some of them weighing 125 tons, were carved into huge trapezoidal blocks that fit together with extraordinary precision. The tour continues with visits to the semicircular shrine of Kenko, Puca Pucara and the Royal Baths of Tambomachay, a beautiful ceremonial bath, adorned with waterfalls, which continues to flow 500 years after being built.
Following the tour, we run downhill to Cusco, passing through the village of Yuncaypata, and the Temple of the Moon. We enter Cusco through San Blas and finish at the Plaza de Armas. After lunch, we will spend the afternoon relaxing, shopping and sightseeing in beautiful Cusco and its surroundings. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 4.5 miles.
Day 5 : Chinchero/Yucay .- Continuing to Urubamba, the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we travel across a high plain with splendid views of the Cordillera Urubamba to the ancient Inca town of Chinchero at 12,350 feet. There, we will visit a highland home and observe a demonstration of the traditional weaving process and shop for local handicrafts. Acclimatization run, starting on flat terrain, passing through the salt mines of Maras and finishing down a scenic trail leading to the Urubamba River. Overnight in the town of Yucay. Overnight: Sonesta Posada del Inca Hotel in Yucay. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 5 to 8 mile options.
Day 6: Ollantaytambo/Llactapata .- We visit the village of Ollanta and Ollantaytambo, the best surviving example of an Inca town. Most of its buildings sit upon Inca walls and the street plan is still the original laid out by its Inca builders. Its stonework, narrow cobbled streets, family courtyards and water system is exactly as it was built in Inca times. You will be able to appreciate the Inca agricultural terraces that create small tiers of fertile land on very steep slopes.
We have a light lunch in Ollantaytambo and continue on a short ride by bus to the trailhead at km 82 "Piscacucho," where we begin our run to km 88 "Qoriwayrachina." There we enter the Machu Picchu Sanctuary National Park. About a mile later we arrive at our camp in the archaeological site of Llactapata "Town on Hillside" at 8,400 feet. Upon arrival in camp we enjoy hot coca tea and a great view of the Urubamba mountain range. Overnight: Camp at Llactapata. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: About 6.5 miles along the Urubamba River with a shorter option available.
Note: The point of entrance to the Inca Trail is subject to change due to permit requirements.
Day 7: Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Marathon .- Early breakfast and start of the "Inca Trail Marathon." The trail continues along the Cusichaca River and follows it upstream on a gradual climb for about three miles leaving behind the Urubamba valley and a magnificent view of snow-capped Mount Veronica (18,865'), the highest peak in the Cordillera Urubamba. We reach the village of Wayllabamba at 9,100 feet, the last inhabited village on the Inca trail. Penetrating the spectacular Llulluchayoc gorge; the trail becomes steeper as we enter mossy woods and continue our uphill climb through a thick forest, before emerging into a large meadow "pampa" Llulluchapampa high above tree line at about 12,400 feet. We continue about a mile to Warmiwañusq'a pass "Pass of the Dead Woman" at 13,779 feet, the highest pass in the Inca Trail. A short rocky descent into the valley brings us to the Pacaymayo River. We will have an aid station here. Ascending steps, we begin the climb toward Runkurakay pass. On the way we encounter the Runkurakay watchtower ruins at 12,464 feet. We pass by a small lake before reaching the Runkurakay pass at 13,100 feet. From here, you will have excellent views of the glaciated peaks of the Cordillera Vilcabamba. Most of the climb is behind us; the trail descends rocky slopes and reaches the strategic fortress of Sayacmarca "Dominant Town" at 12,234 feet. Beyond Sayacmarca the trail enters dense groves and you will find impressive evidence of Inca road construction, with its six feet wide and carefully constructed stone-paved trails. An amazing engineering accomplishment!
We will negotiate a 20 meter Inca tunnel with carved steps and soon the trail becomes a magnificent stone staircase leading to Phuyupatamarca "Town in the Clouds" at 11,674 feet. We summit the third pass and have our first look into the deep gorge of the Urubamba River. Just below you find the ruins of Phuyupatamarca, we will have an aid station here. The trail follows down a series of hundreds of steps, passing by ceremonial Inca baths where mountain water still flows through carved stone channels. As we descend into the cloud forest, we will be surrounded by abundance of exotic varieties of plants, orchids and flowers until reaching the ruins of Wiñay Wayna "Forever Young." We run down a dirt trail for about three and a half miles to Intipunku "Gateway of the Sun" at 8,860 feet. Suddenly, the full grandeur of the world's greatest ruins are revealed - the domed peak of Huayna Picchu and the lost City of the Incas, MACHU PICCHU at 7,900 feet. Our evening includes Machu Picchu Pueblo (previously known as Aguas Calientes), where we will enjoy a celebration dinner. "Running the Inca trail in one day" is a significant accomplishment, as most hikers take an average of 3 days. Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 27.5 miles
Day 8: Machu Picchu .- We spend the early part of the morning with our expert guide, for a tour of the mysterious city, its magnificent temples, terraced hillsides, archaeological curiosities, irrigation channels, fountains, elaborate stone work and chambers of unknown purpose. As we listen to the theories about the mysteries of Machu Picchu, we wonder how and why this city was built in such a remote place and what its purpose might have been. Fortunately this outstanding citadel was never discovered by the Spaniards and was spared from destruction.
After a great lunch at the Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge, continue exploring the ruins of Machu Picchu, or relax in Aguas Calientes. You may also choose from several additional (unguided) activities such as a moderate hike or run to the Inca Bridge; a more strenuous hike to the 9,500 feet summit of Machu Picchu mountain; or a steep climb to the airy summit of Huayna Picchu at 9,000 feet. Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu. Meals: B, L.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 9: Pisac/Cusco .- This morning we board the train to Urubamba. We have lunch in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we continue by bus to visit the Andean village of Pisac. Our guide takes us through the village to visit its colorful market where extensive selections of colorful weavings, ceramics, sweaters and other handicrafts are sold at bargain prices. The afternoon is free for shopping and enjoying Cusco. Dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 10: Cusco/Lima .- After an early breakfast, transfer to the Cusco airport for the flight to Lima. We will be met at the airport and transferred to a hotel in the residential district of Miraflores, where a day use room is available. After lunch, we are picked up at the hotel and taken on a sightseeing guided city tour of colonial and modern Lima. Highlights include Lima’s Cathedral, government palace in Plaza Mayor, San Francisco monastery, San Isidro, Miraflores and a scenic view of the coastline. Those departing tonight transfer to the airport and depart on homeward-bound flights.
Don't miss the original classic pilgrimage trail to Machu Picchu. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Inca Trail permits are issued on a first-come, first-served basis and are non-transferable. To ensure your spot we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
Why are Inca Land Adventures trips are a lot less expensive than other companies?
Compare us with other companies offering adventure travel, you will find that we charge a lot less for similar programs. We are able to provide these low prices and keep costs down because we plan, organize and operate all our trips directly. We do not use an operator in any of our destinations; that alone saves you at least 30% to 40% of the cost. For the same reason we can also guarantee the quality of our adventures. We do not work with travel agents; therefore no additional cost for commission is added to our prices saving you an additional 15% to 20%. We keep our overhead low, and we carefully control our office and printing expenses. Nevertheless, Inca Land Adventures never compromises the quality of the trips in any way. We include excellent accommodations, all or most meals, tours & many other extras. Compare our adventures and prices with other well known companies and you will find that our itineraries include much more than comparable trips.
What's included in all Andes Adventures trips?
Our packages are all-inclusive and save you in every category. See details below and compare to any other company.
•All airport transfers and ground transportation as scheduled on itinerary.
•All accommodations are based on double occupancy.
•All off-trail accommodations in Perú are in fine hotels. When camping, we use roomy, high quality tents.
•Accommodations in Peru are in fine hotels. Based on double occupancy, rooms are shared by two people. 2 nights are in rustic accommodations that we reserve entirely for us. We may share more than 2 per room among the group.
•All or most meals are included: Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner. (B, L, D) Vegetarian meals will be provided upon request in advance.
•All sightseeing tours, including all Park entrance fees on the itinerary.
•Services of professional tour guides/
Items that are not included in our trips: International airfare, internal flights, airport departure taxes, travel insurance (highly recommended), excess baggage fees, passport fees, optional tips to trip leader, guides and local staff, additional hotel nights that may be needed to accommodate your airline schedule, items of personal nature such as: sleeping bag, personal gear, laundry, telephone calls, beverages, etc..
What kind of trips does Inca Land Adventures offer?
We are the pioneers in mountain Running Adventures in South America. We operate the finest organized Trekking Adventures and sightseeing Tours in Peru,
What is the difference between a tour and a trekking Adventure?
On our tours you fly, drive, take a train or sail. You stay at fine accommodations. The walking is limited and rated "easy to moderate". Some optional outdoor activities are offered. Tours are generally physically non-demanding.
On our trekking adventures, you will be staying at the same fine accommodations in the cities and on other days you will hike from camp to camp with a light daypack. You will be pleasantly surprised by the level of comfort that is provided in our camps! Porters and pack animals carry all the equipment and our staff takes care of everything while our cook prepares delicious meals. We provide spacious tents, dining tents, toilet tents, hot basin washing water and all camping equipment.
Your running adventures look challenging. How strong a runner do I need to be?
Runners from 18 to 78 have participated in our running adventures. Many have not run a marathon. Some have never run on a trail before, or spent the night in a tent. If you run regularly, can comfortably run 10-15 miles in rolling terrain, and are fit and healthy, you should find our running adventures to be an exhilarating and rewarding experience. Our running adventures are for runners of all abilities. Plenty of support is provided on the trail so you can enjoy it at your own pace. Have questions? Give us a call at (051 84 275 973
What is the maximum group size?
Our trekking and tour groups in all peru adventures , including Inca Trail are always small - 2 to 16 participants maximum.
Do you arrange Private trips?
Yes, we can arrange Private trips to Peru for individuals, families, clubs, institutions and corporations. Choose any date that fits your group's plans. If you are planning to hike the Inca Trail Trekking Adventure, permits have to be purchased at least 4 to 5 months in advance (depending on time of year) to guarantee the spaces. If you are planning to do the Wonders of Peru Tour without the hike, no permits are required; but if you want to hike to Machu Picchu instead of taking the train, the same advanced registration is required to obtain the permits. Please contact us for more information.
What are the accommodations like?
Our trips include accommodations in first class fine hotels. Many of our itineraries include links to the hotel web sites.
What if I'm traveling alone?
If you are traveling alone and prefer single accommodations you must pay the single supplement. If you are willing to share accommodations, we will try our best to find a roommate and if that is not possible you will pay only 75% of the single supplement cost.
What kind of arrangements will we have on the Inca Trail?
On the Inca Trail in Peru you can expect the most complete support. We provide first-class camping and trekking services by experienced Andean guides, camp and cook staff, assisted by red and blue porters. All meals: Wake up tea, breakfast, lunch, tea meal and dinner. All quality group camping equipment: excellent personal tents, thermarest pads, dining and kitchen tents, tables, camp stools, toilet tents.
What is the food like?
All or most meals are included on our trips. You will be treated to an extensive variety of fabulous Peruvian cuisine. We choose the finest restaurants in the cities to give you the opportunity to taste a great variety of local delicacies and flavors. In camps our cooks are experts in preparing nourishing wholesome and delicious meals. We will accommodate any special diet requests you may have including vegetarian, please request prior to the trip
About our trip leaders/guides.
Our experienced local bilingual trip leaders/guides are the key to making each trip a unique adventure and we provide the very best. They have in-depth knowledge of the language, customs, culture and history. They take great pleasure in sharing their insights and expertise and will make your adventure an unforgettable experience. Leaders are detail oriented, making sure everything runs safely and smoothly.
Pre-trip planning.
As soon as you sign up, you will receive detailed pre-departure material, including information on the country, check list of items to bring, insurance application and other information to help you prepare for your trip. Airline tickets and final trip details will be send about a month before departure.
Does Inca Land Adventures offer any group discounts?
Yes, we offer discounts for a party of 16 participants reserving at the same time and traveling together. Consult with us on the specific trip that you are considering.
How do I sign up for an Inca Land Adventures trip?
Send us a completed application and a $400 deposit. A second payment of $600 is due 90 days prior to departure. Full payment must be paid 30 days prior your trip:
We recommend you sign up as early as possible. Our group sizes are small and they fill up quickly.
New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Permits are available only on a first-come, first serve basis. To guarantee your spot on the Inca Trail we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
Should I buy travel insurance?
We highly recommend the purchase of trip cancellation/interruption insurance to protect your travel investment. Included with your pre-departure package, you will receive an application for travel insurance to cover trip cancellation, interruption, baggage loss and delay, emergency medical evacuation insurance and emergency medical expense insurance
Will I need a visa?
U.S. citizens do not need a visa to go to Peru, Ecuador, Chile or Argentina. U.S. citizens need a visa to go to Bolivia. Other nationalities do not require a visa. Please consult with us!
What are the penalties for canceling my trip?
Cancellation fees are computed, as of the date we receive your written cancellation notice, as follows
Cancellation Fees Forfor this tours in Perú:
•More than 120 days before departure - $400
•89 to 61 days before departure - $300
•60 to 31 days before departure - 50% of selling price
•30 days or less to departure 100% of selling price
Prices
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Running Marathon Adventure 11d/10N
INCA TRAIL RUNNING MARATHON SERVICE CONTAC US FOR MORE INFO flavio@incalandadventures.com
* Prices For a Person in US Dollars
• http://www.incalandadventures.com/terms-conditions.html
ITINERARY
In 2010 Inca Trail permits sold out 5 months in advance. Reserve your 2011 entry today!
Peru Information
Don't miss the original classic pilgrimage trail to Machu Picchu. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Inca Trail permits are issued on a first-come, first-served basis and are non-transferable. To ensure your spot we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
*Does not include single tent on the Inca Trail $555*
• All off-trail accommodations in Perú are in fine hotels. When camping, we use roomy, high quality tents. All accommodations are based on double occupancy.
• If you are traveling alone and prefer single accommodations you must pay the single supplement. If you are willing to share accommodations, we will try our best to find a roommate and if that is not possible you will pay only 75% of the single supplement cost.
• Inca Trail, Salkantay trail, Ausangate circuit : First-class camping and trekking services by experienced Andean guides, camp and cook staff, red and blue porters on the Inca Trail and Quechua arrieros with their pack animals in Salkantay, on the Ausangate circuit. Horses are available in Salcantay, on the Ausangate circuit. All group camping equipment: quality tents, thermarest pads, dining and kitchen tents, tables and camp stools, toilet tents, etc. All meals: Wake up tea, breakfast, lunch, tea meal and dinner. .
• The services of professional tour guides.
• Our local leaders and guides are knowledgeable about the language, customs, culture and history of their country. They are detail oriented and take great pleasure in sharing their insight and expertise. They help make sure everything runs as safely and smoothly as possible.
Note: All itineraries are subject to change due to circumstances beyond our control including, weather, road or trail conditions and flight schedules.
Plan your 2011 Travel Adventure today!
Note: To avoid participants having to pay a premium for an extra night at the hotel at the airport in Lima or hotel in Cusco, an additional night was added at Hotel Picoaga in Cusco. We are also making available low cost all-inclusive flights departing from LAX and from Miami connecting directly to Cusco.
Day 1: Departure to Lima.- free day lima
Day 2: Cusco.- Early morning arrival at the Lima airport, where you will be met by an Inca Land Adventures representative, who will assist you with connecting flights to Cusco. Depart on a one-hour flight to Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire and the continent's oldest continuously inhabited city. Upon arrival in Cusco, we transfer to the hotel where a traditional welcome cup of coca leaf tea is served to help with the acclimatization to the 11,150 feet altitude.
The rest of the day is on your own to rest, acclimatize and enjoy Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: L. Today's run: None scheduled.
Day 3: Cusco .- Acclimatization morning run followed by a guided sightseeing tour of the city, visiting the Cathedral, Qorikancha, the most important temple of the Inca Empire and the Santo Domingo Monastery. You will receive a tourist ticket valid for the length of the trip enabling you to visit the many archaeological sites, temples and other places of interest. After lunch enjoy shopping and sightseeing in beautiful Cusco. Welcome dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D. Today's run: Optional acclimatization run.
Day 4: Cusco .- Morning visit to the archaeological sites surrounding Cusco, beginning with the fortress and temple of Sacsayhuaman, perched on a hillside overlooking Cusco at 12,136 feet. It is still a mystery how this fortress was constructed. Gigantic stones, some of them weighing 125 tons, were carved into huge trapezoidal blocks that fit together with extraordinary precision. The tour continues with visits to the semicircular shrine of Kenko, Puca Pucara and the Royal Baths of Tambomachay, a beautiful ceremonial bath, adorned with waterfalls, which continues to flow 500 years after being built.
Following the tour, we run downhill to Cusco, passing through the village of Yuncaypata, and the Temple of the Moon. We enter Cusco through San Blas and finish at the Plaza de Armas. After lunch, we will spend the afternoon relaxing, shopping and sightseeing in beautiful Cusco and its surroundings. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 4.5 miles.
Day 5 : Chinchero/Yucay .- Continuing to Urubamba, the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we travel across a high plain with splendid views of the Cordillera Urubamba to the ancient Inca town of Chinchero at 12,350 feet. There, we will visit a highland home and observe a demonstration of the traditional weaving process and shop for local handicrafts. Acclimatization run, starting on flat terrain, passing through the salt mines of Maras and finishing down a scenic trail leading to the Urubamba River. Overnight in the town of Yucay. Overnight: Sonesta Posada del Inca Hotel in Yucay. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 5 to 8 mile options.
Day 6: Ollantaytambo/Llactapata .- We visit the village of Ollanta and Ollantaytambo, the best surviving example of an Inca town. Most of its buildings sit upon Inca walls and the street plan is still the original laid out by its Inca builders. Its stonework, narrow cobbled streets, family courtyards and water system is exactly as it was built in Inca times. You will be able to appreciate the Inca agricultural terraces that create small tiers of fertile land on very steep slopes.
We have a light lunch in Ollantaytambo and continue on a short ride by bus to the trailhead at km 82 "Piscacucho," where we begin our run to km 88 "Qoriwayrachina." There we enter the Machu Picchu Sanctuary National Park. About a mile later we arrive at our camp in the archaeological site of Llactapata "Town on Hillside" at 8,400 feet. Upon arrival in camp we enjoy hot coca tea and a great view of the Urubamba mountain range. Overnight: Camp at Llactapata. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: About 6.5 miles along the Urubamba River with a shorter option available.
Note: The point of entrance to the Inca Trail is subject to change due to permit requirements.
Day 7: Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Marathon .- Early breakfast and start of the "Inca Trail Marathon." The trail continues along the Cusichaca River and follows it upstream on a gradual climb for about three miles leaving behind the Urubamba valley and a magnificent view of snow-capped Mount Veronica (18,865'), the highest peak in the Cordillera Urubamba. We reach the village of Wayllabamba at 9,100 feet, the last inhabited village on the Inca trail. Penetrating the spectacular Llulluchayoc gorge; the trail becomes steeper as we enter mossy woods and continue our uphill climb through a thick forest, before emerging into a large meadow "pampa" Llulluchapampa high above tree line at about 12,400 feet. We continue about a mile to Warmiwañusq'a pass "Pass of the Dead Woman" at 13,779 feet, the highest pass in the Inca Trail. A short rocky descent into the valley brings us to the Pacaymayo River. We will have an aid station here. Ascending steps, we begin the climb toward Runkurakay pass. On the way we encounter the Runkurakay watchtower ruins at 12,464 feet. We pass by a small lake before reaching the Runkurakay pass at 13,100 feet. From here, you will have excellent views of the glaciated peaks of the Cordillera Vilcabamba. Most of the climb is behind us; the trail descends rocky slopes and reaches the strategic fortress of Sayacmarca "Dominant Town" at 12,234 feet. Beyond Sayacmarca the trail enters dense groves and you will find impressive evidence of Inca road construction, with its six feet wide and carefully constructed stone-paved trails. An amazing engineering accomplishment!
We will negotiate a 20 meter Inca tunnel with carved steps and soon the trail becomes a magnificent stone staircase leading to Phuyupatamarca "Town in the Clouds" at 11,674 feet. We summit the third pass and have our first look into the deep gorge of the Urubamba River. Just below you find the ruins of Phuyupatamarca, we will have an aid station here. The trail follows down a series of hundreds of steps, passing by ceremonial Inca baths where mountain water still flows through carved stone channels. As we descend into the cloud forest, we will be surrounded by abundance of exotic varieties of plants, orchids and flowers until reaching the ruins of Wiñay Wayna "Forever Young." We run down a dirt trail for about three and a half miles to Intipunku "Gateway of the Sun" at 8,860 feet. Suddenly, the full grandeur of the world's greatest ruins are revealed - the domed peak of Huayna Picchu and the lost City of the Incas, MACHU PICCHU at 7,900 feet. Our evening includes Machu Picchu Pueblo (previously known as Aguas Calientes), where we will enjoy a celebration dinner. "Running the Inca trail in one day" is a significant accomplishment, as most hikers take an average of 3 days. Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: 27.5 miles
Day 8: Machu Picchu .- We spend the early part of the morning with our expert guide, for a tour of the mysterious city, its magnificent temples, terraced hillsides, archaeological curiosities, irrigation channels, fountains, elaborate stone work and chambers of unknown purpose. As we listen to the theories about the mysteries of Machu Picchu, we wonder how and why this city was built in such a remote place and what its purpose might have been. Fortunately this outstanding citadel was never discovered by the Spaniards and was spared from destruction.
After a great lunch at the Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge, continue exploring the ruins of Machu Picchu, or relax in Aguas Calientes. You may also choose from several additional (unguided) activities such as a moderate hike or run to the Inca Bridge; a more strenuous hike to the 9,500 feet summit of Machu Picchu mountain; or a steep climb to the airy summit of Huayna Picchu at 9,000 feet. Overnight: El Mapi Hotel Machu Picchu. Meals: B, L.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 9: Pisac/Cusco .- This morning we board the train to Urubamba. We have lunch in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, we continue by bus to visit the Andean village of Pisac. Our guide takes us through the village to visit its colorful market where extensive selections of colorful weavings, ceramics, sweaters and other handicrafts are sold at bargain prices. The afternoon is free for shopping and enjoying Cusco. Dinner and overnight in Cusco. Overnight: Picoaga Hotel in Cusco. Meals: B, L, D.
Today's run: Optional distances.
Day 10: Cusco/Lima .- After an early breakfast, transfer to the Cusco airport for the flight to Lima. We will be met at the airport and transferred to a hotel in the residential district of Miraflores, where a day use room is available. After lunch, we are picked up at the hotel and taken on a sightseeing guided city tour of colonial and modern Lima. Highlights include Lima’s Cathedral, government palace in Plaza Mayor, San Francisco monastery, San Isidro, Miraflores and a scenic view of the coastline. Those departing tonight transfer to the airport and depart on homeward-bound flights.
Don't miss the original classic pilgrimage trail to Machu Picchu. New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Inca Trail permits are issued on a first-come, first-served basis and are non-transferable. To ensure your spot we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
Why are Inca Land Adventures trips are a lot less expensive than other companies?
Compare us with other companies offering adventure travel, you will find that we charge a lot less for similar programs. We are able to provide these low prices and keep costs down because we plan, organize and operate all our trips directly. We do not use an operator in any of our destinations; that alone saves you at least 30% to 40% of the cost. For the same reason we can also guarantee the quality of our adventures. We do not work with travel agents; therefore no additional cost for commission is added to our prices saving you an additional 15% to 20%. We keep our overhead low, and we carefully control our office and printing expenses. Nevertheless, Inca Land Adventures never compromises the quality of the trips in any way. We include excellent accommodations, all or most meals, tours & many other extras. Compare our adventures and prices with other well known companies and you will find that our itineraries include much more than comparable trips.
What's included in all Andes Adventures trips?
Our packages are all-inclusive and save you in every category. See details below and compare to any other company.
•All airport transfers and ground transportation as scheduled on itinerary.
•All accommodations are based on double occupancy.
•All off-trail accommodations in Perú are in fine hotels. When camping, we use roomy, high quality tents.
•Accommodations in Peru are in fine hotels. Based on double occupancy, rooms are shared by two people. 2 nights are in rustic accommodations that we reserve entirely for us. We may share more than 2 per room among the group.
•All or most meals are included: Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner. (B, L, D) Vegetarian meals will be provided upon request in advance.
•All sightseeing tours, including all Park entrance fees on the itinerary.
•Services of professional tour guides/
Items that are not included in our trips: International airfare, internal flights, airport departure taxes, travel insurance (highly recommended), excess baggage fees, passport fees, optional tips to trip leader, guides and local staff, additional hotel nights that may be needed to accommodate your airline schedule, items of personal nature such as: sleeping bag, personal gear, laundry, telephone calls, beverages, etc..
What kind of trips does Inca Land Adventures offer?
We are the pioneers in mountain Running Adventures in South America. We operate the finest organized Trekking Adventures and sightseeing Tours in Peru,
What is the difference between a tour and a trekking Adventure?
On our tours you fly, drive, take a train or sail. You stay at fine accommodations. The walking is limited and rated "easy to moderate". Some optional outdoor activities are offered. Tours are generally physically non-demanding.
On our trekking adventures, you will be staying at the same fine accommodations in the cities and on other days you will hike from camp to camp with a light daypack. You will be pleasantly surprised by the level of comfort that is provided in our camps! Porters and pack animals carry all the equipment and our staff takes care of everything while our cook prepares delicious meals. We provide spacious tents, dining tents, toilet tents, hot basin washing water and all camping equipment.
Your running adventures look challenging. How strong a runner do I need to be?
Runners from 18 to 78 have participated in our running adventures. Many have not run a marathon. Some have never run on a trail before, or spent the night in a tent. If you run regularly, can comfortably run 10-15 miles in rolling terrain, and are fit and healthy, you should find our running adventures to be an exhilarating and rewarding experience. Our running adventures are for runners of all abilities. Plenty of support is provided on the trail so you can enjoy it at your own pace. Have questions? Give us a call at (051 84 275 973
What is the maximum group size?
Our trekking and tour groups in all peru adventures , including Inca Trail are always small - 2 to 16 participants maximum.
Do you arrange Private trips?
Yes, we can arrange Private trips to Peru for individuals, families, clubs, institutions and corporations. Choose any date that fits your group's plans. If you are planning to hike the Inca Trail Trekking Adventure, permits have to be purchased at least 4 to 5 months in advance (depending on time of year) to guarantee the spaces. If you are planning to do the Wonders of Peru Tour without the hike, no permits are required; but if you want to hike to Machu Picchu instead of taking the train, the same advanced registration is required to obtain the permits. Please contact us for more information.
What are the accommodations like?
Our trips include accommodations in first class fine hotels. Many of our itineraries include links to the hotel web sites.
What if I'm traveling alone?
If you are traveling alone and prefer single accommodations you must pay the single supplement. If you are willing to share accommodations, we will try our best to find a roommate and if that is not possible you will pay only 75% of the single supplement cost.
What kind of arrangements will we have on the Inca Trail?
On the Inca Trail in Peru you can expect the most complete support. We provide first-class camping and trekking services by experienced Andean guides, camp and cook staff, assisted by red and blue porters. All meals: Wake up tea, breakfast, lunch, tea meal and dinner. All quality group camping equipment: excellent personal tents, thermarest pads, dining and kitchen tents, tables, camp stools, toilet tents.
What is the food like?
All or most meals are included on our trips. You will be treated to an extensive variety of fabulous Peruvian cuisine. We choose the finest restaurants in the cities to give you the opportunity to taste a great variety of local delicacies and flavors. In camps our cooks are experts in preparing nourishing wholesome and delicious meals. We will accommodate any special diet requests you may have including vegetarian, please request prior to the trip
About our trip leaders/guides.
Our experienced local bilingual trip leaders/guides are the key to making each trip a unique adventure and we provide the very best. They have in-depth knowledge of the language, customs, culture and history. They take great pleasure in sharing their insights and expertise and will make your adventure an unforgettable experience. Leaders are detail oriented, making sure everything runs safely and smoothly.
Pre-trip planning.
As soon as you sign up, you will receive detailed pre-departure material, including information on the country, check list of items to bring, insurance application and other information to help you prepare for your trip. Airline tickets and final trip details will be send about a month before departure.
Does Inca Land Adventures offer any group discounts?
Yes, we offer discounts for a party of 16 participants reserving at the same time and traveling together. Consult with us on the specific trip that you are considering.
How do I sign up for an Inca Land Adventures trip?
Send us a completed application and a $400 deposit. A second payment of $600 is due 90 days prior to departure. Full payment must be paid 30 days prior your trip:
We recommend you sign up as early as possible. Our group sizes are small and they fill up quickly.
New regulations limit the number of people on the Inca Trail. Permits are available only on a first-come, first serve basis. To guarantee your spot on the Inca Trail we recommend that you reserve at least 6 months in advance!
Should I buy travel insurance?
We highly recommend the purchase of trip cancellation/interruption insurance to protect your travel investment. Included with your pre-departure package, you will receive an application for travel insurance to cover trip cancellation, interruption, baggage loss and delay, emergency medical evacuation insurance and emergency medical expense insurance
Will I need a visa?
U.S. citizens do not need a visa to go to Peru, Ecuador, Chile or Argentina. U.S. citizens need a visa to go to Bolivia. Other nationalities do not require a visa. Please consult with us!
What are the penalties for canceling my trip?
Cancellation fees are computed, as of the date we receive your written cancellation notice, as follows
Cancellation Fees Forfor this tours in Perú:
•More than 120 days before departure - $400
•89 to 61 days before departure - $300
•60 to 31 days before departure - 50% of selling price
•30 days or less to departure 100% of selling price
Prices
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Running Marathon Adventure 11d/10N
INCA TRAIL RUNNING MARATHON SERVICE CONTAC US FOR MORE INFO flavio@incalandadventures.com
* Prices For a Person in US Dollars
• http://www.incalandadventures.com/terms-conditions.html
viernes, 28 de mayo de 2010
Earth on the Brink of an Ice Age
Earth on the Brink of an Ice Age
The earth is now on the brink of entering another Ice Age, according to a large and compelling body
of evidence from within the field of climate science. Many sources of data which provide our
knowledge base of long-term climate change indicate that the warm, twelve thousand year-long
Holocene period will rather soon be coming to an end, and then the earth will return to Ice Age
conditions for the next 100,000 years.
Ice cores, ocean sediment cores, the geologic record, and studies of ancient plant and animal
populations all demonstrate a regular cyclic pattern of Ice Age glacial maximums which each last
about 100,000 years, separated by intervening warm interglacials, each lasting about 12,000 years.
Most of the long-term climate data collected from various sources also shows a strong correlation
with the three astronomical cycles which are together known as the Milankovich cycles. The three
Milankovich cycles include the tilt of the earth, which varies over a 41,000 year period; the shape of
the earth’s orbit, which changes over a period of 100,000 years; and the Precession of the
Equinoxes, also known as the earth’s ‘wobble’, which gradually rotates the direction of the earth’s
axis over a period of 26,000 years. According to the Milankovich theory of Ice Age causation, these
three astronomical cycles, each of which effects the amount of solar radiation which reaches the
earth, act together to produce the cycle of cold Ice Age maximums and warm interglacials.
Elements of the astronomical theory of Ice Age causation were first presented by the French
mathematician Joseph Adhemar in 1842, it was developed further by the English prodigy Joseph
Croll in 1875, and the theory was established in its present form by the Serbian mathematician
Milutin Milankovich in the 1920s and 30s. In 1976 the prestigious journal “Science” published a
landmark paper by John Imbrie, James Hays, and Nicholas Shackleton entitled “Variations in the
Earth's orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages,” which described the correlation which the trio of
scientist/authors had found between the climate data obtained from ocean sediment cores and the
patterns of the astronomical Milankovich cycles. Since the late 1970s, the Milankovich theory has
remained the predominant theory to account for Ice Age causation among climate scientists, and
hence the Milankovich theory is always described in textbooks of climatology and in encyclopaedia
articles about the Ice Ages.
In their 1976 paper Imbrie, Hays, and Shackleton wrote that their own climate forecasts, which were
based on sea-sediment cores and the Milankovich cycles, "… must be qualified in two ways. First,
they apply only to the natural component of future climatic trends - and not to anthropogenic effects
such as those due to the burning of fossil fuels. Second, they describe only the long-term trends,
because they are linked to orbital variations with periods of 20,000 years and longer. Climatic
oscillations at higher frequencies are not predicted... the results indicate that the long-term trend
over the next 20,000 years is towards extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation and cooler
climate."
During the 1970s the famous American astronomer Carl Sagan and other scientists began
promoting the theory that ‘greenhouse gasses’ such as carbon dioxide, or CO2, produced by human
industries could lead to catastrophic global warming. Since the 1970s the theory of ‘anthropogenic
global warming’ (AGW) has gradually become accepted as fact by most of the academic
establishment, and their acceptance of AGW has inspired a global movement to encourage
governments to make pivotal changes to prevent the worsening of AGW.
The central piece of evidence that is cited in support of the AGW theory is the famous ‘hockey stick’
graph which was presented by Al Gore in his 2006 film “An Inconvenient Truth.” The ‘hockey stick’
graph shows an acute upward spike in global temperatures which began during the 1970s and
continued through the winter of 2006/07. However, this warming trend was interrupted when the
winter of 2007/8 delivered the deepest snow cover to the Northern Hemisphere since 1966 and the
coldest temperatures since 2001. It now appears that the current Northern Hemisphere winter of
2008/09 will probably equal or surpass the winter of 2007/08 for both snow depth and cold
temperatures.
The main flaw in the AGW theory is that its proponents focus on evidence from only the past one
thousand years at most, while ignoring the evidence from the past million years -- evidence which is
essential for a true understanding of climatology. The data from paleoclimatology provides us with
an alternative and more credible explanation for the recent global temperature spike, based on the
natural cycle of Ice Age maximums and interglacials.
In 1999 the British journal “Nature” published the results of data derived from glacial ice cores
collected at the Russia ’s Vostok station in Antarctica during the 1990s. The Vostok ice core data
includes a record of global atmospheric temperatures, atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse
gases, and airborne particulates starting from 420,000 years ago and continuing through history up
to our present time.
The graph of the Vostok ice core data shows that the Ice Age maximums and the warm interglacials
occur within a regular cyclic pattern, the graph-line of which is similar to the rhythm of a
heartbeat on an electrocardiogram tracing. The Vostok data graph also shows that changes in
global CO2 levels lag behind global temperature changes by about eight hundred years. What that
indicates is that global temperatures precede or cause global CO2 changes, and not the reverse. In
other words, increasing atmospheric CO2 is not causing global temperature to rise; instead the
natural cyclic increase in global temperature is causing global CO2 to rise.
The reason that global CO2 levels rise and fall in response to the global temperature is because
cold water is capable of retaining more CO2 than warm water. That is why carbonated beverages
loose their carbonation, or CO2, when stored in a warm environment. We store our carbonated soft
drinks, wine, and beer in a cool place to prevent them from loosing their ‘fizz’, which is a feature of
their carbonation, or CO2 content. The earth is currently warming as a result of the natural Ice Age
cycle, and as the oceans get warmer, they release increasing amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere.
Because the release of CO2 by the warming oceans lags behind the changes in the earth’s
temperature, we should expect to see global CO2 levels continue to rise for another eight hundred
years after the end of the earth’s current Interglacial warm period. We should already be eight
hundred years into the coming Ice Age before global CO2 levels begin to drop in response to the
increased chilling of the world’s oceans.
The Vostok ice core data graph reveals that global CO2 levels regularly rose and fell in a direct
response to the natural cycle of Ice Age minimums and maximums during the past four hundred and
twenty thousand years. Within that natural cycle, about every 110,000 years global temperatures,
followed by global CO2 levels, have peaked at approximately the same levels which they are at
today.
About 325,000 years ago, at the peak of a warm interglacial, global temperature and CO2 levels
were higher than they are today. Today we are again at the peak, and near to the end, of a warm
interglacial, and the earth is now due to enter the next Ice Age. If we are lucky, we may have a few
years to prepare for it. The Ice Age will return, as it always has, in its regular and natural cycle, with
or without any influence from the effects of AGW.
The AGW theory is based on data that is drawn from a ridiculously narrow span of time and it
demonstrates a wanton disregard for the ‘big picture’ of long-term climate change. The data from
paleoclimatology, including ice cores, sea sediments, geology, paleobotany and zoology, indicate
that we are on the verge of entering another Ice Age, and the data also shows that severe and
lasting climate change can occur within only a few years. While concern over the dubious threat of
Anthropogenic Global Warming continues to distract the attention of people throughout the world,
the very real threat of the approaching and inevitable Ice Age, which will render large parts of the
Northern Hemisphere uninhabitable, is being foolishly ignored.
The earth is now on the brink of entering another Ice Age, according to a large and compelling body
of evidence from within the field of climate science. Many sources of data which provide our
knowledge base of long-term climate change indicate that the warm, twelve thousand year-long
Holocene period will rather soon be coming to an end, and then the earth will return to Ice Age
conditions for the next 100,000 years.
Ice cores, ocean sediment cores, the geologic record, and studies of ancient plant and animal
populations all demonstrate a regular cyclic pattern of Ice Age glacial maximums which each last
about 100,000 years, separated by intervening warm interglacials, each lasting about 12,000 years.
Most of the long-term climate data collected from various sources also shows a strong correlation
with the three astronomical cycles which are together known as the Milankovich cycles. The three
Milankovich cycles include the tilt of the earth, which varies over a 41,000 year period; the shape of
the earth’s orbit, which changes over a period of 100,000 years; and the Precession of the
Equinoxes, also known as the earth’s ‘wobble’, which gradually rotates the direction of the earth’s
axis over a period of 26,000 years. According to the Milankovich theory of Ice Age causation, these
three astronomical cycles, each of which effects the amount of solar radiation which reaches the
earth, act together to produce the cycle of cold Ice Age maximums and warm interglacials.
Elements of the astronomical theory of Ice Age causation were first presented by the French
mathematician Joseph Adhemar in 1842, it was developed further by the English prodigy Joseph
Croll in 1875, and the theory was established in its present form by the Serbian mathematician
Milutin Milankovich in the 1920s and 30s. In 1976 the prestigious journal “Science” published a
landmark paper by John Imbrie, James Hays, and Nicholas Shackleton entitled “Variations in the
Earth's orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages,” which described the correlation which the trio of
scientist/authors had found between the climate data obtained from ocean sediment cores and the
patterns of the astronomical Milankovich cycles. Since the late 1970s, the Milankovich theory has
remained the predominant theory to account for Ice Age causation among climate scientists, and
hence the Milankovich theory is always described in textbooks of climatology and in encyclopaedia
articles about the Ice Ages.
In their 1976 paper Imbrie, Hays, and Shackleton wrote that their own climate forecasts, which were
based on sea-sediment cores and the Milankovich cycles, "… must be qualified in two ways. First,
they apply only to the natural component of future climatic trends - and not to anthropogenic effects
such as those due to the burning of fossil fuels. Second, they describe only the long-term trends,
because they are linked to orbital variations with periods of 20,000 years and longer. Climatic
oscillations at higher frequencies are not predicted... the results indicate that the long-term trend
over the next 20,000 years is towards extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation and cooler
climate."
During the 1970s the famous American astronomer Carl Sagan and other scientists began
promoting the theory that ‘greenhouse gasses’ such as carbon dioxide, or CO2, produced by human
industries could lead to catastrophic global warming. Since the 1970s the theory of ‘anthropogenic
global warming’ (AGW) has gradually become accepted as fact by most of the academic
establishment, and their acceptance of AGW has inspired a global movement to encourage
governments to make pivotal changes to prevent the worsening of AGW.
The central piece of evidence that is cited in support of the AGW theory is the famous ‘hockey stick’
graph which was presented by Al Gore in his 2006 film “An Inconvenient Truth.” The ‘hockey stick’
graph shows an acute upward spike in global temperatures which began during the 1970s and
continued through the winter of 2006/07. However, this warming trend was interrupted when the
winter of 2007/8 delivered the deepest snow cover to the Northern Hemisphere since 1966 and the
coldest temperatures since 2001. It now appears that the current Northern Hemisphere winter of
2008/09 will probably equal or surpass the winter of 2007/08 for both snow depth and cold
temperatures.
The main flaw in the AGW theory is that its proponents focus on evidence from only the past one
thousand years at most, while ignoring the evidence from the past million years -- evidence which is
essential for a true understanding of climatology. The data from paleoclimatology provides us with
an alternative and more credible explanation for the recent global temperature spike, based on the
natural cycle of Ice Age maximums and interglacials.
In 1999 the British journal “Nature” published the results of data derived from glacial ice cores
collected at the Russia ’s Vostok station in Antarctica during the 1990s. The Vostok ice core data
includes a record of global atmospheric temperatures, atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse
gases, and airborne particulates starting from 420,000 years ago and continuing through history up
to our present time.
The graph of the Vostok ice core data shows that the Ice Age maximums and the warm interglacials
occur within a regular cyclic pattern, the graph-line of which is similar to the rhythm of a
heartbeat on an electrocardiogram tracing. The Vostok data graph also shows that changes in
global CO2 levels lag behind global temperature changes by about eight hundred years. What that
indicates is that global temperatures precede or cause global CO2 changes, and not the reverse. In
other words, increasing atmospheric CO2 is not causing global temperature to rise; instead the
natural cyclic increase in global temperature is causing global CO2 to rise.
The reason that global CO2 levels rise and fall in response to the global temperature is because
cold water is capable of retaining more CO2 than warm water. That is why carbonated beverages
loose their carbonation, or CO2, when stored in a warm environment. We store our carbonated soft
drinks, wine, and beer in a cool place to prevent them from loosing their ‘fizz’, which is a feature of
their carbonation, or CO2 content. The earth is currently warming as a result of the natural Ice Age
cycle, and as the oceans get warmer, they release increasing amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere.
Because the release of CO2 by the warming oceans lags behind the changes in the earth’s
temperature, we should expect to see global CO2 levels continue to rise for another eight hundred
years after the end of the earth’s current Interglacial warm period. We should already be eight
hundred years into the coming Ice Age before global CO2 levels begin to drop in response to the
increased chilling of the world’s oceans.
The Vostok ice core data graph reveals that global CO2 levels regularly rose and fell in a direct
response to the natural cycle of Ice Age minimums and maximums during the past four hundred and
twenty thousand years. Within that natural cycle, about every 110,000 years global temperatures,
followed by global CO2 levels, have peaked at approximately the same levels which they are at
today.
About 325,000 years ago, at the peak of a warm interglacial, global temperature and CO2 levels
were higher than they are today. Today we are again at the peak, and near to the end, of a warm
interglacial, and the earth is now due to enter the next Ice Age. If we are lucky, we may have a few
years to prepare for it. The Ice Age will return, as it always has, in its regular and natural cycle, with
or without any influence from the effects of AGW.
The AGW theory is based on data that is drawn from a ridiculously narrow span of time and it
demonstrates a wanton disregard for the ‘big picture’ of long-term climate change. The data from
paleoclimatology, including ice cores, sea sediments, geology, paleobotany and zoology, indicate
that we are on the verge of entering another Ice Age, and the data also shows that severe and
lasting climate change can occur within only a few years. While concern over the dubious threat of
Anthropogenic Global Warming continues to distract the attention of people throughout the world,
the very real threat of the approaching and inevitable Ice Age, which will render large parts of the
Northern Hemisphere uninhabitable, is being foolishly ignored.
viernes, 14 de mayo de 2010
THE CELEBRATION OF THE INTI RAYMY 4d/3n
THE CELEBRATION OF THE INTI RAYMY 4d/3n
Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Inti Raymi was the Empire's foremost celebration.
The sun's golden rays shine with a unusual intensity; at least that's the sensation it gives in Cusco - the magnetic center of the world - on the day of the Inti Raymi Celebration of the Sun. Perhaps it's simply a hallucination, an optical illusion or a mirage contrived by the profuse intensity of myths and legends or, maybe, an effect of the magic that pervades the physical limit of the stone walls of the Empire's ancient capital and is absorbed in soul and heart of whoever visits it. And this is because on June 24 it seems as if the city was cloaked in the past and the days of the Tawantinsuyo have returned. Once again, it is Inca who rules; once again, the sun is the Supreme God to whom to pray for abundant harvests and for famine to be vanished.
Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Inti Raymi was the Empire's foremost celebration. It was held during the winter solstice, when the sun is at its furthermost distance from the Equator. The children of the Empire feared that their God, the source of life, would disappear into the vastness of the universe; to prevent this from happening, they implored and begged for him to stay and therefore the Empire would not be overcome by famine.
Day 01: CUSCO.-
In the morning, you’ll be transferred to the Lima Airport for the flight to Cusco (11,000 ft). Upon arrival, we'll go to our hotel and check in followed by a few cups of coca tea to ward off the altitude sickness. Lunch. Ahead of us, we will have a half-day tour of the highlights of Cusco. We will visit the Qorikancha Temple, The Main Square, the megalithic temple of Saqsaywaman, Q'enko, Pucapukara, and Tambomachay. Return to Cusco. Hotel. (B/L)
Day 02: CUSCO - SACRED VALLEY OF THE INKAS (Full Day)
After breakfast you will be picked up from your hotel and taken to the Pisaq (9,750 ft)archeological site. You'll be conducted on a guided walking tour around this marvelous templeperched above the dizzying Vilcanota River. Then we’ll visit the Pisaq Andean market. We'll have a buffet lunch and we continue on to Ollantaytambo (9,200 ft). This is a perfect place to appreciate the technology and the vast archeological remnants of Inkas organization. There will be a guided tour. After Ollantaytambo, we'll drive up to Chinchero in our way back to Cusco. Here we’ll visit the colonial church of Nuestra Señora de Monserrate and the archeologicalcomplex. Hotel. (B/L)
Day 03: FESTIVAL OF THE SUN
This is the second largest festival in South America. Hundreds of thousands of people converge on Cusco from other parts of the nation, South America and the world for a weeklong celebration marking the beginning of a new year, the Inti Raymi, or The Festival of the Sun. The Inti Raymi was a religious ceremony of the Inka Empire in honor of the god “Inti” (Sun God), and was the most important Inka Feast celebrated every winter’s solstice. The version is expressed in the original Quechua language. The celebration starts on the Temple of the Sun (Qoricancha) then continues to the Saqsaywaman (12,140 ft), we will provide you the transportation, guide, entrance and box lunch. Afterwards you will be transfer by car to Ollantaytambo in your way by train to Aguas Calientes. Reception, transfer to the Hotel and overnight. (B/L)
Day 04: MACHUPICCHU
Very early and after breakfast we will start our ramble to arrive to Intipunku or The Sun Gate and we can have the first magnificent view of the terrific striking Machupicchu (7.900 ft), then we will descend to our excursion guided to the beautiful Inka Sanctuary, Our hour-long scheduled visit allows you a calm, quiet visit and lets you enjoy the natural beauty and the magical environment of this masterpiece of the Andean man. You'll be conducted on guided tour. After the scheduled hour, you can explore and relax by yourself. After a morning of wandering through the Sanctuary of Machupicchu, we'll return to Aguas Calientes and have lunch. We'll transfer from Aguas Calientes (6,560 ft) to Ollantaytambo (9,200 ft) by train, and by bus proceed back to Cusco. We'll check into our hotel and spend the night there. Farewell dinner show
INCLUDED
1.All the trips and private ground transportation described in the program, including train Cusco - Machupicchu - Ollantaytambo and transfer by bus Ollantaytambo - Cusco
2.Accommodations in select hotels, based on double or single occupancy with breakfast included and one night at Aguas Calientes
3.All the meals indicated in the program. (B = Breakfast, L = Lunch, D = Dinner)
4.Entry to all the sites listed in the program. (Optional visits are the responsibility of the individual)
5.All scheduled excursions with English-speaking guide services
6.First Aid kits and all safety equipment including oxygen tank if needed
7.Personalized attention and assistance
NOT INCLUDED
1.International and domestic airfares
2.Fees, tariffs, or taxes for international or domestic flights
3.Re-entry to tourist attractions
4.Personal Expenses
5.Excess baggage charges
6.Additional nights during trip due to flight cancellations
7.Insurance of any kind
8.Extra food or beverages
9.Tips
10.Other costs not specified
RECOMMENDATIONS AND NOTES
•Accommodations, transportation, meals, and optional excursions can be arranged
Prices (US $):
Private Service
Festival of the sun party
pax 1
Pax 2,3
Pax 4
Pax 6 +
Pax
4d/3n
More details at: info-cusco@incalandadventures.com
Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Inti Raymi was the Empire's foremost celebration.
The sun's golden rays shine with a unusual intensity; at least that's the sensation it gives in Cusco - the magnetic center of the world - on the day of the Inti Raymi Celebration of the Sun. Perhaps it's simply a hallucination, an optical illusion or a mirage contrived by the profuse intensity of myths and legends or, maybe, an effect of the magic that pervades the physical limit of the stone walls of the Empire's ancient capital and is absorbed in soul and heart of whoever visits it. And this is because on June 24 it seems as if the city was cloaked in the past and the days of the Tawantinsuyo have returned. Once again, it is Inca who rules; once again, the sun is the Supreme God to whom to pray for abundant harvests and for famine to be vanished.
Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Inti Raymi was the Empire's foremost celebration. It was held during the winter solstice, when the sun is at its furthermost distance from the Equator. The children of the Empire feared that their God, the source of life, would disappear into the vastness of the universe; to prevent this from happening, they implored and begged for him to stay and therefore the Empire would not be overcome by famine.
Day 01: CUSCO.-
In the morning, you’ll be transferred to the Lima Airport for the flight to Cusco (11,000 ft). Upon arrival, we'll go to our hotel and check in followed by a few cups of coca tea to ward off the altitude sickness. Lunch. Ahead of us, we will have a half-day tour of the highlights of Cusco. We will visit the Qorikancha Temple, The Main Square, the megalithic temple of Saqsaywaman, Q'enko, Pucapukara, and Tambomachay. Return to Cusco. Hotel. (B/L)
Day 02: CUSCO - SACRED VALLEY OF THE INKAS (Full Day)
After breakfast you will be picked up from your hotel and taken to the Pisaq (9,750 ft)archeological site. You'll be conducted on a guided walking tour around this marvelous templeperched above the dizzying Vilcanota River. Then we’ll visit the Pisaq Andean market. We'll have a buffet lunch and we continue on to Ollantaytambo (9,200 ft). This is a perfect place to appreciate the technology and the vast archeological remnants of Inkas organization. There will be a guided tour. After Ollantaytambo, we'll drive up to Chinchero in our way back to Cusco. Here we’ll visit the colonial church of Nuestra Señora de Monserrate and the archeologicalcomplex. Hotel. (B/L)
Day 03: FESTIVAL OF THE SUN
This is the second largest festival in South America. Hundreds of thousands of people converge on Cusco from other parts of the nation, South America and the world for a weeklong celebration marking the beginning of a new year, the Inti Raymi, or The Festival of the Sun. The Inti Raymi was a religious ceremony of the Inka Empire in honor of the god “Inti” (Sun God), and was the most important Inka Feast celebrated every winter’s solstice. The version is expressed in the original Quechua language. The celebration starts on the Temple of the Sun (Qoricancha) then continues to the Saqsaywaman (12,140 ft), we will provide you the transportation, guide, entrance and box lunch. Afterwards you will be transfer by car to Ollantaytambo in your way by train to Aguas Calientes. Reception, transfer to the Hotel and overnight. (B/L)
Day 04: MACHUPICCHU
Very early and after breakfast we will start our ramble to arrive to Intipunku or The Sun Gate and we can have the first magnificent view of the terrific striking Machupicchu (7.900 ft), then we will descend to our excursion guided to the beautiful Inka Sanctuary, Our hour-long scheduled visit allows you a calm, quiet visit and lets you enjoy the natural beauty and the magical environment of this masterpiece of the Andean man. You'll be conducted on guided tour. After the scheduled hour, you can explore and relax by yourself. After a morning of wandering through the Sanctuary of Machupicchu, we'll return to Aguas Calientes and have lunch. We'll transfer from Aguas Calientes (6,560 ft) to Ollantaytambo (9,200 ft) by train, and by bus proceed back to Cusco. We'll check into our hotel and spend the night there. Farewell dinner show
INCLUDED
1.All the trips and private ground transportation described in the program, including train Cusco - Machupicchu - Ollantaytambo and transfer by bus Ollantaytambo - Cusco
2.Accommodations in select hotels, based on double or single occupancy with breakfast included and one night at Aguas Calientes
3.All the meals indicated in the program. (B = Breakfast, L = Lunch, D = Dinner)
4.Entry to all the sites listed in the program. (Optional visits are the responsibility of the individual)
5.All scheduled excursions with English-speaking guide services
6.First Aid kits and all safety equipment including oxygen tank if needed
7.Personalized attention and assistance
NOT INCLUDED
1.International and domestic airfares
2.Fees, tariffs, or taxes for international or domestic flights
3.Re-entry to tourist attractions
4.Personal Expenses
5.Excess baggage charges
6.Additional nights during trip due to flight cancellations
7.Insurance of any kind
8.Extra food or beverages
9.Tips
10.Other costs not specified
RECOMMENDATIONS AND NOTES
•Accommodations, transportation, meals, and optional excursions can be arranged
Prices (US $):
Private Service
Festival of the sun party
pax 1
Pax 2,3
Pax 4
Pax 6 +
Pax
4d/3n
More details at: info-cusco@incalandadventures.com
VIRGIN OF PAUCARTAMBO FESTIVAL 3 Days - 02 Nights
VIRGIN OF PAUCARTAMBO FESTIVAL 3 Days - 02 Nights
For a few days out of each year the quiet, colonial backwater town of Paucartambo comes to life. It is suddenly overfilled with thousands of visitors, spectators who come to see and be a part of one of South America’s most vibrant and fascinating fiestas.
For five days, ( starting on the 15th of July), thousands of devotees hold festivals in honor of the Virgin del Carmen, known locally as Mamacha Carmen, patron saint of the mestizo population. Dance groups, all magnificently masked and costumed in accordance with their respective customs, accompany the Mamacha in a huge parade, gaily dancing down the city streets. Behind them the entire population of the town gathers quietly, forming itself into a pious mass bearing candles, flowers and other offerings. It is a colorful mix of Andean pre-Columbian ceremonies and Catholic religion in which many ancient gods and rites are honored. The Virgin del Carmen (the virgin of Mount Carmel) is a particular apparition of the Mother of Jesus. Images of the Virgin always show her dressed in brown and tan, wearing a flat crown, and holding the Infant Jesus; both of them hold scapulars in their hands. It is said that all those who die while wearing the blessed scapular of the Lady will be saved from the fires of Hell, no matter how great their sins. The Spanish introduced the custom of paying homage to the Virgin. The festival comes from the Old World, where the Virgin was honored in seaports as Stella Maris. The tradition has its origins in the Old Testament, when the prophet Elias retreated to a cave in Mount Carmel in Israel. Many centuries later, hermits following in Elijah's footsteps asked for the protection of the Virgin of Carmen. Mariners and fishermen everywhere soon adopted her as their patron saint. There is a legend that tells of how the festival first came to Paucartambo: long ago, every year during the first days of July, a wealthy woman called Felipa Begolla would always come to Paucartambo to trade goods. She would come with her mule train laden with goods from her homeland, which she exchanged for Paucartambo’s produce.One year on July 16th, while she was unpacking her bundles, Felipa found the head of a beautiful woman radiating rays of light lying among the pots and pans. When she tried to cry out, she found that she could not speak, and when she tried to run she was unable to move. Then the lovely head spoke to her, calming her fears and telling her that her name was Carmen.Felipa put the head on a fine silver dish that she had been carrying with her to trade and, as the head glowed brilliantly, a crowd of muleteers and neighbors gathered around it. A carpenter was commissioned to carve a wooden body for the head and, mounted on an elaborate litter, the Virgin was carried to the local church where her miraculous image was placed on one side of the main altar. On July 16th, now the main day of the fiesta, the Virgin, beautifully adorned, is borne aloft in a fantastic procession through the streets to bless those present and scare away demons. Some of the dancers –the Saqras- in a representation of the never-ending battle between the forces of good and evil, daringly perform gymnastic feats on the housetops, showing off their colorful Inca and colonial garb while they try to seduce the Virgin, crying out as if in pain and trying to avoid her impassive stare. Afterwards, a symbolic battle is staged amongst the devout dancers and the demons, with the traditional victory of the faithful.On the 17th, a feast is held that includes the dead. All the people of the town go to the cemetery to visit their dead relatives and friends. They carry food and drink to celebrate beside the graves.Preparations for the fiesta begin weeks before July 14th, since, on that day and the ones that follow it, everybody is dedicated to celebrating and honoring their patron and do not have time to work.In particular, the 16 groups of dancers, or comparsas, are kept quite busy learning and rehearsing their strict choreography over the few weeks before the celebration. They all represent semi-mythical characters, derived from Peruvian historical folktales and legends, such as malaria victims, Ukukus (half man half bear), condor-men and warlike jungle Indians. On horseback or on foot they reel through the streets throughout the fiesta. A few examples of the different comparsas (participants)
Tres Cruces sits at the edge of the Andes Mountains with a spectacular, never-ending view of the flat Amazon. Sunrise in the months of June and July are characterized by bizarre double-images and the optical illusion of the sun bouncing around during sunrise.
ITINERARY
Day 01: CUSCO - PAUCARTAMBO
Early morning transfer by private transportation from Cusco to Paucartambo village visiting areas such as Urcos and the Ch'ullpas of Ninamarka. About 10.00 am we arrive at Paucartambo(13,200 ft), lodging in a shared accommodations and taking a rest. Then we have a walking tour with our private guide sorrunded by thousands of devotes and visitors. Next we have a buffet lunch with typical cuisine. Later in the afternoon we can observe the sixteen colorful “comparsas”, dancing in honour of the Mamacha del Carmen. After lunch, a riotous firework display is held in the main square, during which the Qhapaq Qolla, the Ch’unchos and the Saqras dance wildly like some medieval vision of hell called “Fogata”. The fogata ('fire') is staged in the night, a representation of Purgatory which continues with a big fiesta and serenade to the Virgen del Carmen. At around midnight, in an emotional gathering, all the comparsas meet again - this time without their elaborate costumes - to solemnly serenade the Virgin in front of the closed doors of the church. (L/D)
Day 02: PAUCARTAMBO - TRES CRUCES DE ORO
After breakfast we attend Central Mass following the great procession of “La Mamacha” to bless those present and scare away demons. We’ll see the different comparsas and specially the “Saqras” who occupy the rooftops and balconies of the town; these are Euro-Andean devils, dressed in vivid rainbow-colored costumes and elaborate animal masks crowned with extravagant wigs. Then we eat lunch. The afternoon is free for enjoying and exploring the site. We have dinner, and then we make our way towards the camp Tres Cruces de Oro, 40 km north away from Paucartambo, which is situated on the very edge of the Andes mountains at a height of 12,100 feet. From Tres Cruces, there is a steep drop into the Amazon basin, which means the view is incredible. It’s most famous for the sunrise in the months of June and July because special climatic conditions mean that there are optical illusions. (B/L/D)
Day 03: PAUCARTAMBO - CUSCO
Wake up before dawn and then we set out to see one of the most beautiful natural phenomena in the world: the sunrise at Tres Cruces de Oro (12,100 ft), where the Sun "dances" in the sky, or the Sun “plays” in the sky. We eat some snacks and we return back to Paucartambo. Breakfast. This day we attend with our guide the Blessing Mass. In the afternoon the image of the Virgin is carried through the narrow streets of the village to the venerable colonial-era bridge named Carlos III, surrounded by all those who have attended the festival, standing or kneeling tightly-packed and respectfully silent, the Qhapaq Qolla and Qhapaq Negro address the Virgin in a moving song of farewell. On this place the Virgin imparts her blessings to the fourth regions (suyos). Ended the procession continues the spectacular “guerrilla” between the group of the Qollas of the Andes and the Antis of the jungle who do mock-battle in a hilarious slapstick encounter recalling the wars between Qollasuyo and Antisuyo in the time of the Inkas. Finally the comparsas venture forth for the last time to dance the traditional Kachapari or farewell, closing for another year this magic feast. Return to Cusco. (B/L)
End of our services
INCLUDED
1.All the roundtrip Cusco - Paucartambo - Tres Cruces - Paucartambo - Cusco by private ground transportation
2.One night in basic accommodations in Paucartambo village with breakfast included
3.Excellent meals as specified in the itinerary (B = Breakfast, L = Lunch, D = Dinner, T=Tea time)
4.Fully guided sightseeing during the trip
5.English speaking professional guide services included guide assistant
6.Full camping equipment for the 2nd day: large tents for 2 people, Double thickness foam mattress, dining tent with tables and chairs and kitchen tent
7.First-aid kit including emergency oxygen tank if needed
NOT INCLUDED
2.Sleeping bags
3.Personal equipment
4.Extra food or beverages
5.Insurance of any kind
6.Personal Expenses
7.Tips
8.Others not specified
RECOMMENDATIONS AND NOTES
•We can provide vegetarian meals or cater for special diets with no extra cost. Just let us know at least 2 days prior to trek departure
SEASON
•15th or 16th17th July
Accommodations, transportation, meals, and optional excursions can be arranged
Ask. - info-cusco@incalandadventures.com
Prices (US $):
Private Service
Paucartambo festival
pax 1 550.00
Pax 2,3 380.00
Pax 4 330.00
Pax 6 + 300.00
Pax
3 D/2n 550.00 380.00 330.00 300.00
More details at: info-cusco@incalandadventures.com
For a few days out of each year the quiet, colonial backwater town of Paucartambo comes to life. It is suddenly overfilled with thousands of visitors, spectators who come to see and be a part of one of South America’s most vibrant and fascinating fiestas.
For five days, ( starting on the 15th of July), thousands of devotees hold festivals in honor of the Virgin del Carmen, known locally as Mamacha Carmen, patron saint of the mestizo population. Dance groups, all magnificently masked and costumed in accordance with their respective customs, accompany the Mamacha in a huge parade, gaily dancing down the city streets. Behind them the entire population of the town gathers quietly, forming itself into a pious mass bearing candles, flowers and other offerings. It is a colorful mix of Andean pre-Columbian ceremonies and Catholic religion in which many ancient gods and rites are honored. The Virgin del Carmen (the virgin of Mount Carmel) is a particular apparition of the Mother of Jesus. Images of the Virgin always show her dressed in brown and tan, wearing a flat crown, and holding the Infant Jesus; both of them hold scapulars in their hands. It is said that all those who die while wearing the blessed scapular of the Lady will be saved from the fires of Hell, no matter how great their sins. The Spanish introduced the custom of paying homage to the Virgin. The festival comes from the Old World, where the Virgin was honored in seaports as Stella Maris. The tradition has its origins in the Old Testament, when the prophet Elias retreated to a cave in Mount Carmel in Israel. Many centuries later, hermits following in Elijah's footsteps asked for the protection of the Virgin of Carmen. Mariners and fishermen everywhere soon adopted her as their patron saint. There is a legend that tells of how the festival first came to Paucartambo: long ago, every year during the first days of July, a wealthy woman called Felipa Begolla would always come to Paucartambo to trade goods. She would come with her mule train laden with goods from her homeland, which she exchanged for Paucartambo’s produce.One year on July 16th, while she was unpacking her bundles, Felipa found the head of a beautiful woman radiating rays of light lying among the pots and pans. When she tried to cry out, she found that she could not speak, and when she tried to run she was unable to move. Then the lovely head spoke to her, calming her fears and telling her that her name was Carmen.Felipa put the head on a fine silver dish that she had been carrying with her to trade and, as the head glowed brilliantly, a crowd of muleteers and neighbors gathered around it. A carpenter was commissioned to carve a wooden body for the head and, mounted on an elaborate litter, the Virgin was carried to the local church where her miraculous image was placed on one side of the main altar. On July 16th, now the main day of the fiesta, the Virgin, beautifully adorned, is borne aloft in a fantastic procession through the streets to bless those present and scare away demons. Some of the dancers –the Saqras- in a representation of the never-ending battle between the forces of good and evil, daringly perform gymnastic feats on the housetops, showing off their colorful Inca and colonial garb while they try to seduce the Virgin, crying out as if in pain and trying to avoid her impassive stare. Afterwards, a symbolic battle is staged amongst the devout dancers and the demons, with the traditional victory of the faithful.On the 17th, a feast is held that includes the dead. All the people of the town go to the cemetery to visit their dead relatives and friends. They carry food and drink to celebrate beside the graves.Preparations for the fiesta begin weeks before July 14th, since, on that day and the ones that follow it, everybody is dedicated to celebrating and honoring their patron and do not have time to work.In particular, the 16 groups of dancers, or comparsas, are kept quite busy learning and rehearsing their strict choreography over the few weeks before the celebration. They all represent semi-mythical characters, derived from Peruvian historical folktales and legends, such as malaria victims, Ukukus (half man half bear), condor-men and warlike jungle Indians. On horseback or on foot they reel through the streets throughout the fiesta. A few examples of the different comparsas (participants)
Tres Cruces sits at the edge of the Andes Mountains with a spectacular, never-ending view of the flat Amazon. Sunrise in the months of June and July are characterized by bizarre double-images and the optical illusion of the sun bouncing around during sunrise.
ITINERARY
Day 01: CUSCO - PAUCARTAMBO
Early morning transfer by private transportation from Cusco to Paucartambo village visiting areas such as Urcos and the Ch'ullpas of Ninamarka. About 10.00 am we arrive at Paucartambo(13,200 ft), lodging in a shared accommodations and taking a rest. Then we have a walking tour with our private guide sorrunded by thousands of devotes and visitors. Next we have a buffet lunch with typical cuisine. Later in the afternoon we can observe the sixteen colorful “comparsas”, dancing in honour of the Mamacha del Carmen. After lunch, a riotous firework display is held in the main square, during which the Qhapaq Qolla, the Ch’unchos and the Saqras dance wildly like some medieval vision of hell called “Fogata”. The fogata ('fire') is staged in the night, a representation of Purgatory which continues with a big fiesta and serenade to the Virgen del Carmen. At around midnight, in an emotional gathering, all the comparsas meet again - this time without their elaborate costumes - to solemnly serenade the Virgin in front of the closed doors of the church. (L/D)
Day 02: PAUCARTAMBO - TRES CRUCES DE ORO
After breakfast we attend Central Mass following the great procession of “La Mamacha” to bless those present and scare away demons. We’ll see the different comparsas and specially the “Saqras” who occupy the rooftops and balconies of the town; these are Euro-Andean devils, dressed in vivid rainbow-colored costumes and elaborate animal masks crowned with extravagant wigs. Then we eat lunch. The afternoon is free for enjoying and exploring the site. We have dinner, and then we make our way towards the camp Tres Cruces de Oro, 40 km north away from Paucartambo, which is situated on the very edge of the Andes mountains at a height of 12,100 feet. From Tres Cruces, there is a steep drop into the Amazon basin, which means the view is incredible. It’s most famous for the sunrise in the months of June and July because special climatic conditions mean that there are optical illusions. (B/L/D)
Day 03: PAUCARTAMBO - CUSCO
Wake up before dawn and then we set out to see one of the most beautiful natural phenomena in the world: the sunrise at Tres Cruces de Oro (12,100 ft), where the Sun "dances" in the sky, or the Sun “plays” in the sky. We eat some snacks and we return back to Paucartambo. Breakfast. This day we attend with our guide the Blessing Mass. In the afternoon the image of the Virgin is carried through the narrow streets of the village to the venerable colonial-era bridge named Carlos III, surrounded by all those who have attended the festival, standing or kneeling tightly-packed and respectfully silent, the Qhapaq Qolla and Qhapaq Negro address the Virgin in a moving song of farewell. On this place the Virgin imparts her blessings to the fourth regions (suyos). Ended the procession continues the spectacular “guerrilla” between the group of the Qollas of the Andes and the Antis of the jungle who do mock-battle in a hilarious slapstick encounter recalling the wars between Qollasuyo and Antisuyo in the time of the Inkas. Finally the comparsas venture forth for the last time to dance the traditional Kachapari or farewell, closing for another year this magic feast. Return to Cusco. (B/L)
End of our services
INCLUDED
1.All the roundtrip Cusco - Paucartambo - Tres Cruces - Paucartambo - Cusco by private ground transportation
2.One night in basic accommodations in Paucartambo village with breakfast included
3.Excellent meals as specified in the itinerary (B = Breakfast, L = Lunch, D = Dinner, T=Tea time)
4.Fully guided sightseeing during the trip
5.English speaking professional guide services included guide assistant
6.Full camping equipment for the 2nd day: large tents for 2 people, Double thickness foam mattress, dining tent with tables and chairs and kitchen tent
7.First-aid kit including emergency oxygen tank if needed
NOT INCLUDED
2.Sleeping bags
3.Personal equipment
4.Extra food or beverages
5.Insurance of any kind
6.Personal Expenses
7.Tips
8.Others not specified
RECOMMENDATIONS AND NOTES
•We can provide vegetarian meals or cater for special diets with no extra cost. Just let us know at least 2 days prior to trek departure
SEASON
•15th or 16th17th July
Accommodations, transportation, meals, and optional excursions can be arranged
Ask. - info-cusco@incalandadventures.com
Prices (US $):
Private Service
Paucartambo festival
pax 1 550.00
Pax 2,3 380.00
Pax 4 330.00
Pax 6 + 300.00
Pax
3 D/2n 550.00 380.00 330.00 300.00
More details at: info-cusco@incalandadventures.com
lunes, 13 de julio de 2009
lares trek 4d/3n cusco peru
2009/7/13 Marie Ayer
hi Marianella,
Just wanted to say thanks for a wonderful trek. We really enjoyed working with your agency and had a fantastic time with Rudi.
Take care and wishing you and your family the best!
Marie Ayer
hi Marianella,
Just wanted to say thanks for a wonderful trek. We really enjoyed working with your agency and had a fantastic time with Rudi.
Take care and wishing you and your family the best!
Marie Ayer
Khipu Archives
Khipu Archives
An archive is a set of records pertaining to the people of an area who had common, interrelated interests, and shared practices of accounting and record keeping.
In the context of khipu, the archive paradigm is based on the hypothesis that khipu that have a common provenience, or that are known to come from the same archaeological context, were probably produced by local khipu keepers or by Inka accountants who were resident in that locale. In either case, khipu that come from a single site or narrowly defined region can be considered potentially to bear some historical and/or substantive relationship to each other. One potential consequence of such relationships is that the khipu that constitute an archive will likely build on, complement, duplicate, and possibly even comment on each other.
At present there are only two archives of khipu known to have been found together: the set of Chachapoyas khipu from the north of Peru, and the khipu of Puruchuco, a site on the coast near Lima. Other archives are based on grouping together khipu from different collections which have the same provenance. There are three of these archives: Ica, Circum-Ica (khipu from the area immediately surrounding Ica), and Pachacmac. Though most archives are currently composed of less than 30 khipu each, there are some clear differences from one archive to another. As more data are collected, it is possible that the archive paradigm could be used to suggest provenance for khipu that have no known origin.
Garcilaso de la Vega, a 17th-century Spanish chronicler, reported the following about khipu practices:
Although the quipucamayus [khipu-makers/keepers] were as accurate and honest as we have said, their number in each village was in proportion to its population, and however small, it had at least four and so upwards to twenty or thirty. They all kept the same records, and although one accountant or scribe was all that would have been necessary to keep them, the Incas preferred to have plenty in each village and for each sort of calculation, so as to avoid faults that might occur if there were few, saying that if there were a number of them, they would either all be at fault or none of them (1966 [1609]:331).
This passage clearly implies that multiple khipu with the same information existed in one area. Relationships such as matching numerical sequences, identical color patterning, or similar structure are more likely to be found between khipu belonging to the same archive than between objects with different provenance.
An archive is a set of records pertaining to the people of an area who had common, interrelated interests, and shared practices of accounting and record keeping.
In the context of khipu, the archive paradigm is based on the hypothesis that khipu that have a common provenience, or that are known to come from the same archaeological context, were probably produced by local khipu keepers or by Inka accountants who were resident in that locale. In either case, khipu that come from a single site or narrowly defined region can be considered potentially to bear some historical and/or substantive relationship to each other. One potential consequence of such relationships is that the khipu that constitute an archive will likely build on, complement, duplicate, and possibly even comment on each other.
At present there are only two archives of khipu known to have been found together: the set of Chachapoyas khipu from the north of Peru, and the khipu of Puruchuco, a site on the coast near Lima. Other archives are based on grouping together khipu from different collections which have the same provenance. There are three of these archives: Ica, Circum-Ica (khipu from the area immediately surrounding Ica), and Pachacmac. Though most archives are currently composed of less than 30 khipu each, there are some clear differences from one archive to another. As more data are collected, it is possible that the archive paradigm could be used to suggest provenance for khipu that have no known origin.
Garcilaso de la Vega, a 17th-century Spanish chronicler, reported the following about khipu practices:
Although the quipucamayus [khipu-makers/keepers] were as accurate and honest as we have said, their number in each village was in proportion to its population, and however small, it had at least four and so upwards to twenty or thirty. They all kept the same records, and although one accountant or scribe was all that would have been necessary to keep them, the Incas preferred to have plenty in each village and for each sort of calculation, so as to avoid faults that might occur if there were few, saying that if there were a number of them, they would either all be at fault or none of them (1966 [1609]:331).
This passage clearly implies that multiple khipu with the same information existed in one area. Relationships such as matching numerical sequences, identical color patterning, or similar structure are more likely to be found between khipu belonging to the same archive than between objects with different provenance.
What Is a Khipu?
What Is a Khipu?
Most of the existing khipu are from the Inka period, approx 1400 – 1532 CE. The Inka empire stretched from Ecuador through central Chile, with its heart in Cuzco, a city in the high Andes of southern Peru. Colonial documents indicate that khipu were used for record keeping and sending messages by runner throughout the empire. There are approximately 600 khipu surviving in museums and private collections around the world.
Photo courtesy of Peabody Museum, Harvard University.
The word khipu comes from the Quechua word for “knot" and denotes both singular and plural. Khipu are textile artifacts composed of cords of cotton or occasionally camelid fiber. The cords are arranged such that there is one main cord, called a primary cord, from which many pendant cords hang. There may be additional cords attached to a pendant cord; these are termed subsidiaries. Some khipu have up to 10 or 12 levels of subsidiaries. Khipu are often displayed with the primary cord stretched horizontally, so that the pendants appear to form a curtain of parallel cords, or with the primary cord in a curve, so that the pendants radiate out from their points of attachment. When khipu were in use, they were transported and stored with the primary cord rolled into a spiral. In this configuration khipu have been compared to string mops.
Each khipu cord may have one or many knots. Leland Locke (see references) was the first to show that the knots had numerical significance. The Inkas used a decimal system of counting. Numbers of varying magnitude could be indicated by knot type and the position of the knot on its cord. Beginning in the 1970’s, Marcia and Robert Ascher conducted invaluable research into the numeric significance of khipu, and developed a system of recording khipu details which is still in wide use today among khipu researchers. More recently, researchers such as Gary Urton have recognized the depth of information contained in non-numeric, structural elements of khipu.
Most of the existing khipu are from the Inka period, approx 1400 – 1532 CE. The Inka empire stretched from Ecuador through central Chile, with its heart in Cuzco, a city in the high Andes of southern Peru. Colonial documents indicate that khipu were used for record keeping and sending messages by runner throughout the empire. There are approximately 600 khipu surviving in museums and private collections around the world.
Photo courtesy of Peabody Museum, Harvard University.
The word khipu comes from the Quechua word for “knot" and denotes both singular and plural. Khipu are textile artifacts composed of cords of cotton or occasionally camelid fiber. The cords are arranged such that there is one main cord, called a primary cord, from which many pendant cords hang. There may be additional cords attached to a pendant cord; these are termed subsidiaries. Some khipu have up to 10 or 12 levels of subsidiaries. Khipu are often displayed with the primary cord stretched horizontally, so that the pendants appear to form a curtain of parallel cords, or with the primary cord in a curve, so that the pendants radiate out from their points of attachment. When khipu were in use, they were transported and stored with the primary cord rolled into a spiral. In this configuration khipu have been compared to string mops.
Each khipu cord may have one or many knots. Leland Locke (see references) was the first to show that the knots had numerical significance. The Inkas used a decimal system of counting. Numbers of varying magnitude could be indicated by knot type and the position of the knot on its cord. Beginning in the 1970’s, Marcia and Robert Ascher conducted invaluable research into the numeric significance of khipu, and developed a system of recording khipu details which is still in wide use today among khipu researchers. More recently, researchers such as Gary Urton have recognized the depth of information contained in non-numeric, structural elements of khipu.
Selections from Beyond Machu Picchu; Explorations and Adventure in Peru's Remote Vilcabamba
Selections from Beyond Machu Picchu; Explorations and Adventure in Peru's Remote Vilcabamba
"With ten days worth of supplies, tents, fresh food, a ration of Absolut vodka carefully loaded on 28 mules and horses, we march out in the morning like Pizarro's army. Although, it is adventure and the quest for Manco's secrets that fuels are enthusiasm, not Inca gold!"
"Hugh, David and I separate from the mule train to climb a high pointed peak overlooking the junction of the valleys. We suspect that this prominent overlook may have attracted the attention of early inhabitants. To our delight, we find the remains of foundations, ruined walls and a number of burial chambers dotting the flattened summit. A secret of finding ruins is knowing where to look. To mountain worshiping Andean cultures, a tradition that preceded the Inca by several millennium, these high summits were both natural shrines and ritual astronomical observatories."
"Almost any such mountain top is likely to contain ruins. The remoteness and difficulty of traveling in this most rugged part of the Andes, climbing and descending several thousand meters on primitive trails daily, from high glaciers to tropical cloud forest, has restricted exploration to a hand full of eccentric mountaineers."
"The trail down from the pass narrows through exposed cliffs that seem to almost overhang the tiny ribbon of river some 2000 meters below then plunges into thick cloud vegetation. Reminiscent of some Walt Disney enchanted forest, gnarled moss covered trees host long creepers and twisted vines. Steamy vapors raise from decaying leaves and trunks laying beneath a tangle of bamboo. A small gray snake with a pointed head slides quickly across the path in front of me. We pass the occasional moss coated wall indicating that someone else was here in the distant past. Somewhere a tree frog croaks out a warning. We hurry on, not relishing the idea of being benighted here. Camp is comfortably awaiting us on the far end of the great walls that guard the approach to Choquequirao. We arrive just at dark."
"We followed a recently cleared trail to the point where the broad sloping bowl below Choquequirao drops away in cliffs....Suddenly, we are on a steeply descending stone stairway...we arrive at three very unusual buildings, two on top of the other but offset, overlooking a deep gorge and waterfall plunging from the heights of the mountain side above."
"A few old cow trails made by Choquequirao's only resident, Lucas Coborubias lead here and there from a few clearings. We follow one that heads in the direction of the the ridge, a mere kilometer away. Finally, too far to reasonably turn back, all options end in bamboo tangle. Determined, we plunge on swinging machetes. Scratched and exhausted, sweat stained, shirts torn, we reach the ridge hours later.
"As fate would have it, we find a group of six Inca houses and a bath hidden along the way. With little time for study, we take a brief look and push on. Fortunately, I have my GPS to mark the location as no one could find their way here again unaided."
"Each journey to Choquequirao creates more questions than answers. As the site grows in size and importance, my mind races with the possibilities. Now another Colorado winter to plan the next return."
"Leaving Choquequirao by the shortest route requires descending 2000 meters down into the narrow Apurimac gorge, crossing a swinging foot bridge then climbing 2000 meters back out of the canyon on a two day journey along precipitous trails. Since Hiram Bingham's 1910 visit, fewer than two hundred visitors had reached the site before our first expedition in 1994. Our route across the wildest part of the Andes takes seven days. This is the stuff of genuine adventure! In a romantic sense, what we are doing is like stepping back into the 19th century. Where but Peru, the cradle of civilization of the new world, do `lost cities' await discovery by machete and mule?
"With ten days worth of supplies, tents, fresh food, a ration of Absolut vodka carefully loaded on 28 mules and horses, we march out in the morning like Pizarro's army. Although, it is adventure and the quest for Manco's secrets that fuels are enthusiasm, not Inca gold!"
"Hugh, David and I separate from the mule train to climb a high pointed peak overlooking the junction of the valleys. We suspect that this prominent overlook may have attracted the attention of early inhabitants. To our delight, we find the remains of foundations, ruined walls and a number of burial chambers dotting the flattened summit. A secret of finding ruins is knowing where to look. To mountain worshiping Andean cultures, a tradition that preceded the Inca by several millennium, these high summits were both natural shrines and ritual astronomical observatories."
"Almost any such mountain top is likely to contain ruins. The remoteness and difficulty of traveling in this most rugged part of the Andes, climbing and descending several thousand meters on primitive trails daily, from high glaciers to tropical cloud forest, has restricted exploration to a hand full of eccentric mountaineers."
"The trail down from the pass narrows through exposed cliffs that seem to almost overhang the tiny ribbon of river some 2000 meters below then plunges into thick cloud vegetation. Reminiscent of some Walt Disney enchanted forest, gnarled moss covered trees host long creepers and twisted vines. Steamy vapors raise from decaying leaves and trunks laying beneath a tangle of bamboo. A small gray snake with a pointed head slides quickly across the path in front of me. We pass the occasional moss coated wall indicating that someone else was here in the distant past. Somewhere a tree frog croaks out a warning. We hurry on, not relishing the idea of being benighted here. Camp is comfortably awaiting us on the far end of the great walls that guard the approach to Choquequirao. We arrive just at dark."
"We followed a recently cleared trail to the point where the broad sloping bowl below Choquequirao drops away in cliffs....Suddenly, we are on a steeply descending stone stairway...we arrive at three very unusual buildings, two on top of the other but offset, overlooking a deep gorge and waterfall plunging from the heights of the mountain side above."
"A few old cow trails made by Choquequirao's only resident, Lucas Coborubias lead here and there from a few clearings. We follow one that heads in the direction of the the ridge, a mere kilometer away. Finally, too far to reasonably turn back, all options end in bamboo tangle. Determined, we plunge on swinging machetes. Scratched and exhausted, sweat stained, shirts torn, we reach the ridge hours later.
"As fate would have it, we find a group of six Inca houses and a bath hidden along the way. With little time for study, we take a brief look and push on. Fortunately, I have my GPS to mark the location as no one could find their way here again unaided."
"Each journey to Choquequirao creates more questions than answers. As the site grows in size and importance, my mind races with the possibilities. Now another Colorado winter to plan the next return."
"Leaving Choquequirao by the shortest route requires descending 2000 meters down into the narrow Apurimac gorge, crossing a swinging foot bridge then climbing 2000 meters back out of the canyon on a two day journey along precipitous trails. Since Hiram Bingham's 1910 visit, fewer than two hundred visitors had reached the site before our first expedition in 1994. Our route across the wildest part of the Andes takes seven days. This is the stuff of genuine adventure! In a romantic sense, what we are doing is like stepping back into the 19th century. Where but Peru, the cradle of civilization of the new world, do `lost cities' await discovery by machete and mule?
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